Research on stagnation point heat flux measurement methods of the sharp leading edge model in arc-heated wind tunnel test
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摘要: 基于电弧风洞试验中尖前缘模型驻点热流的测量需求，发展了一种适用于半径R = 2 mm尖前缘模型的曲面零点量热计和相应的热流测量方法。对装配有3个曲面零点量热计和2个测压孔的前缘模型开展了辐射热流标定和电弧风洞试验考核。结果表明：新发展的曲面零点量热计能够获得典型的一维半无限大体假设模型的温升曲线，不同状态下热流稳定、线性度好，使用前需通过热流标定获取热流修正系数。测量了4个不同的电弧风洞来流状态：同一来流状态下，前缘模型上3个曲面零点量热计的热流测量值最大偏差小于10%，2个压力测点的测量值最大偏差小于5%；3个热流测点的热流平均值与数值计算结果比较最大偏差小于9%，2个压力测点的压力平均值与数值计算结果比较最大偏差小于8%。表明新发展的曲面零点量热计和热流测量方法具有较好的测量准确度，可用于半径R = 2 mm尖前缘模型的驻点热流测量。Abstract: Based on the demand of stagnation point heat flux measurement on the sharp leading edge model in the arc-heated wind tunnel test, a kind of curved null-point calorimeter and the corresponding heat flux measurement methods are developed for a leading edge model with radius R = 2 mm. Radiation heat flux calibration and arc-heated wind tunnel tests are carried out for the leading edge model equipped with 3 curved null-point calorimeters and 2 pressure ports. The results show that the newly developed curved null-point calorimeter can obtain the temperature curve of the typical one-dimensional semi-infinite model. The heat flux curve calculated by the temperature curve is stable and the heat flux values are linear under different states. The correction coefficient should be obtained by heat flux calibration before each null-point calorimeter is used. Heat flux and pressure of the sharp leading edge model are measured in four different flow states of the arc-heated wind tunnel test. In the same flow state, the maximum deviation of heat flux measured by 3 curved null-point calorimeters in the leading edge model is less than 10%, and the maximum deviation of pressure measured by 2 pressure ports is less than 5%. The maximum deviation between the mean value of 3 curved null-point calorimeters and the numerical value is less than 9%, and the maximum deviation between the mean value of 2 pressure ports and the numerical value is less than 8%. It indicates that the newly developed curved null-point calorimeter and heat flux measurement methods have good measurement accuracy and can be used to measure stagnation point heat flux of the leading edge model with radius R = 2 mm.
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图 5 不同入射热流下的计算热流曲线
Figure 5. Heat flux Curve calculated in different incident heat flux
图 6 计算热流与入射热流的线性拟合
Figure 6. Linear fitting of heat flux calculated and incident heat flux
表 1 不同状态前缘热流和压力测量值
Table 1. Heat flux and pressure in different states
状态 来流总压/kPa 来流总焓/(kJ·kg−1) 前缘热流/(MW·m−2) 前缘压力/kPa q1 q2 q3 p1 p2 1 1136 3220 7.87 8.75 8.82 183 168 2 2112 3160 12.6 11.6 13.9 323 294 3 2044 3300 13.5 12.1 14.1 319 289 4 1159 3360 8.82 9.02 9.22 193 181 
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表 2 不同网格计算结果
Table 2. Calculation results by different grids
网格 第一层网格高度/mm 前缘驻点热流/(MW·m−2) 10000步 15000步 20000步 Grid1 0.01 7.6706 7.6242 7.6489 Grid2 0.005 7.7082 7.7082 7.7082 Grid3 0.001 7.6588 7.6588 7.6588
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