Abstract: Theoretically, the speed of vacuum pipe trains can exceed 1000 km/h by using the magnetic suspended technology in a low-pressure operating environment of pumped vacuums within the tubes. The closed pipe creates a complex aerodynamic environment, while the suspension of the train makes it very susceptible to changes in the attitude of the train. The fluid-solid coupling effects of the train are evident which require targeted research. In order to explore the theory and analysis method of fluid-solid coupling of the vacuum pipeline train, a relatively complete review of the progress in aerodynamic studies of the vacuum pipe train and the study of the fluid-solid coupling characteristics of the railway trains is made. And the key technology of fluid-solid coupling of the vacuum pipeline train is analyzed. It is proposed that the vacuum pipe train fluid-solid coupling study should focus on the development of the vacuum pipe train flow analysis techniques, the vacuum pipe train fluid-solid coupling analysis techniques and the vacuum pipe train control technology. This paper provides reference for vacuum pipe train fluid-solid coupling techniques to facilitate the development of the vacuum pipe train technology.