Numerical simulation and experimental research of Lamb wave propagation characteristics in ice
-
摘要: 作为最常用的超声导波之一，Lamb波具有能量集中、传播范围广、沿程衰减小等特点，可以拓展应用于结冰探测领域。为探明Lamb波在冰层中的传播规律，基于Lamb波探冰实验平台构建物理模型，以COMSOL Multiphysics软件为计算工具，数值模拟了不同厚度、不同长度冰层中的Lamb波传播情况。在此基础上，搭建了Lamb波探冰实验平台，开展了无冰铝板和覆冰铝板Lamb波传播实验。结合数值模拟和实验结果，明晰了温度、冰层几何特性、液态水对Lamb波传播特性的影响规律。结果表明：温度越低，Lamb波传播群速度越快；在一定冰层厚度范围内，接收端压电片电压幅值衰减量随冰层厚度增大而增大；随着冰层长度增加，接收端Lamb波B1模态时间延迟量线性增大；液态水仅对Lamb波A0模态产生影响，对S0模态影响不大。实验和数值模拟结果具有较好的一致性，为Lamb波结冰探测技术提供了理论参考。Abstract: As one of the most commonly used ultrasonic guided waves, Lamb wave has the characteristics of concentrated energy, wide propagation range and small probe volume. Its application can be extended to the field of ice detection. In order to explore the propagation law of Lamb wave in ice, this paper constructs a physical model based on the Lamb wave propagation research platform of piezoelectric ceramics, and takes COMSOL Multiphysics software as the calculation tool to simulate the propagation of Lamb wave in ice with different thickness and length. On this basis, the Lamb wave ice detection platform was built, and the Lamb wave propagation experiment of the iced aluminum plate was carried out. Combined with the numerical simulation and experimental results, the effects of temperature, ice geometric characteristics and liquid water on the propagation characteristics of Lamb wave are clarified. The results show that the lower the temperature, the faster the group velocity of Lamb wave propagation; In a certain range of ice thickness, the attenuation of piezoelectric voltage amplitude at the receiver increases with ice thickness; The time delay of Lamb wave B1 mode wave at the receiver increases linearly with the increase of ice length; Liquid water only affects A0 mode of Lamb wave, but has little effect on S0 mode. The experimental and numerical simulation results are in good agreement, which provides a theoretical reference for Lamb wave ice detection technology.
-
Key words:
- ice detection /
- ultrasonic guided wave /
- Lamb wave /
- numerical simulation /
- experimental study
-
图 3 无冰铝板接收端电压时域波形图
Figure 3. The time domain waveform of receiver voltage in aluminum plate
图 4 无冰铝板接收端仿真信号时频图
Figure 4. The time-frequency diagram of simulated signal of receiver in aluminum plate
图 5 接收端仿真信号波形参数随冰层厚度的变化
Figure 5. The variation trend of waveform parameters of simulated signal at receiver with ice thickness
图 6 接收端仿真信号波形参数随冰层长度的变化
Figure 6. The variation trend of waveform parameters of simulated signal at receiver with ice length
图 7 Lamb波探冰实验平台示意图
Figure 7. The schematic diagram of Lamb wave ice detection platform
图 9 无冰铝板接收端时域波形图
Figure 9. The time domain waveform of receiver voltage in aluminum plate
图 11 无冰铝板接收端实测信号时频图
Figure 11. The time-frequency diagram of measured signal of receiver in aluminum plate
图 12 不同温度下无冰铝板接收端时域波形图
Figure 12. The time domain waveform of receiver voltage in aluminum plate at different temperatures
图 13 接收信号波形参数随环境温度的变化
Figure 13. The variation trend of received signal waveform parameters with environment temperature
图 15 接收端信号波形参数随冰层厚度的变化
Figure 15. The variation trend of signal waveform parameters at receiver with ice thickness
图 17 接收端信号波形参数随冰层长度的变化
Figure 17. The variation trend of signal waveform parameters at receiver with ice length
图 18 液态水负载铝板中的接收端时域波形图
Figure 18. The time domain waveform of receiver voltage in aluminum plate loaded with liquid water
-
[1] 易贤. 飞机积冰的数值计算与积冰试验相似准则研究[D]. 绵阳: 中国空气动力研究与发展中心研究生部, 2007.YI X. Numerical computation of aircraft icing and study on icing test scaling law[D]. Mianyang: China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center Graduate School, 2007. [2] 林贵平, 卜雪琴, 申晓斌, 等. 飞机结冰与防冰技术[M]. 北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社, 2016. [3] 张杰,周磊,张洪,等. 飞机结冰探测技术[J]. 仪器仪表学报,2006,27(12):1578-1586. doi: 10.19650/j.cnki.cjsi.2006.12.005ZHANG J,ZHOU L,ZHANG H,et al. Aircraft icing detection technology[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2006,27(12):1578-1586. doi: 10.19650/j.cnki.cjsi.2006.12.005 [4] 叶林. 基于压电器件的冰传感器[J]. 仪表技术与传感器,2001(9):6-7,44. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-1841.2001.09.003YE L. A new ice sensor based on piezoelectric device[J]. Instrument Technique and Sensor,2001(9):6-7,44. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-1841.2001.09.003 [5] 王华,王以伦,张滨华. 基于磁致伸缩原理的结冰传感器设计理论[J]. 电工技术学报,2003,18(6):77-79,11. doi: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.2003.06.016WANG H,WANG Y L,ZHANG B H. Theory of designing ice detector based on magnetostriction[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2003,18(6):77-79,11. doi: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.2003.06.016 [6] 张龙浩. 光纤阵列式结冰探测系统的研究[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2013.ZHANG L H. The research of optical fiber array icing detection system[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2013. [7] IKIADES A A, ARMSTRONG D J, HARE G G, et al. Fiber optic sensor technology for air conformal ice detection[C]//Proc SPIE 5272, Industrial and Highway Sensors Technology. 2004, 5272: 357-368. doi: 10.1117/12.516910 [8] LIU Y,BOND L J,HU H. Ultrasonic-attenuation-based technique for ice characterization pertinent to aircraft icing phenomena[J]. AIAA Journal,2017,55(5):1602-1609. doi: 10.2514/1.j055500 [9] LIU Y,CHEN W L,BOND L J,et al. Development of an ultrasonic pulse-echo (UPE) technique for aircraft icing studies[J]. AIP Conference Proceedings,2014,1581(1):1757-1764. doi: 10.1063/1.4865036 [10] LIU Y, CHEN W L, BOND L J, et al. A feasibility study to identify ice types by measuring attenuation of ultrasonic waves for aircraft icing detection[C]//Proceedings of ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting Collocated With the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. 2014 doi: 10.1115/FEDSM2014-21227 [11] 吴荣兴,胡海柯. 表面波飞机结冰传感器的研究[J]. 压电与声光,2011,33(5):679-682,686. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2474.2011.05.001WU R X,HU H K. Study on surface acoustic wave aircraft ice sensor[J]. Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics,2011,33(5):679-682,686. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2474.2011.05.001 [12] 江城,何世堂,李红浪,等. 声表面波飞机结冰传感器灵敏度及实验研究[J]. 压电与声光,2009,31(4):458-460,463. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2474.2009.04.002JIANG C,HE S T,LI H L,et al. Study of SAW aircraft ice detector sensitivity[J]. Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics,2009,31(4):458-460,463. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2474.2009.04.002 [13] PALACIOS J, ZHU Y, SMITH E, et al. Ultrasonic shear and lamb wave interface stress for helicopter rotor de-icing purposes[C]//Proc of the 47th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. 2006: 2282. doi: 10.2514/6.2006-2282 [14] 张雨杏. 基于SH波的旋翼结冰冰层厚度检测机理研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2018.ZHANG Y X. Study on the mechanism of utilizing SH guided wave in rotors’ ice thickness detection[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. [15] LAMB H. On waves in an elastic plate[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences,1917,93(648):114-128. doi: 10.1098/rspa.1917.0008 [16] 徐春广, 李卫彬. 无损检测超声波理论[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2020. [17] 张海燕, 他得安, 刘镇清. 层状各向异性复合板中的兰姆波[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008. [18] VIKTOROV I A. Calculation of phase velocities of surface-waves on boundary of a solid half-space with a liquid layer[J]. Soviet Physics Acoustics-USSR,1977,23(6):541-542. [19] ROSE J L. Ultrasonic guided waves in solid media[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. doi: 10.1017/cbo9781107273610 [20] LOWE M J S. Matrix techniques for modeling ultrasonic waves in multilayered media[J]. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control,1995,42(4):525-542. doi: 10.1109/58.393096 [21] NAYFEH A H. The general problem of elastic wave propagation in multilayered anisotropic media[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1991,89(4):1521-1531. doi: 10.1121/1.400988 [22] 刘镇清. 无损检测中的超声兰姆波[J]. 无损检测,1999(9):409-413,423.LIU Z Q. Ultrasonic lamb waves in nondestructive testing[J]. Nondestructive Testing,1999(9):409-413,423. [23] 刘镇清,张海燕. 固–液–固3层结构板中超声兰姆波的频散特性[J]. 声学技术,2001,20(2):88-91. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3630.2001.02.013LIU Z Q,ZHANG H Y. Dispersion property of ultrasonic Lamb wave in solid-liquid-solid three-layered structure[J]. Technical Acoustics,2001,20(2):88-91. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3630.2001.02.013 [24] 郑祥明,赵玉珍,史耀武. 兰姆波频散曲线的计算[J]. 无损检测,2003,25(2):66-68. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6656.2003.02.002ZHENG X M,ZHAO Y Z,SHI Y W. Calculation for lamb wave dispersion curves[J]. Nondestructive Testing,2003,25(2):66-68. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6656.2003.02.002 [25] 白天. 基于压电材料的结冰探测与除冰方法[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2015. [26] 吴荣兴,李建中,于兰珍,等. 兰姆波飞机结冰传感器的最佳工作模态研究[J]. 工业安全与环保,2016,42(7):8-10,14. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-425X.2016.07.003WU R X,LI J Z,YU L Z,et al. Analysis of optimal functioning modes of lamb wave aircraft ice sensor[J]. Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2016,42(7):8-10,14. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-425X.2016.07.003 [27] 朱程香,张玉雷,朱春玲,等. 风力机超声导波结冰探测方法的数值和试验研究[J]. 中国科学(物理学 力学 天文学),2016,46(12):56-63. doi: 10.1360/SSPMA2016-00290ZHU C X,ZHANG Y L,ZHU C L,et al. Numerical and experimental study on icing detection of wind turbine blade based on ultrasonic guided wave[J]. SCIENTIA SINICA Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica,2016,46(12):56-63. doi: 10.1360/SSPMA2016-00290 [28] 肖龙. 基于超声导波的旋翼结冰冰层检测机理研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2017. -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 104
- HTML全文浏览量: 57
- PDF下载量: 5
- 被引次数: 0
