Experimental study on drag reduction characteristics of biopolysaccharide solution
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摘要: 为获得生物多糖溶液的水下减阻性能，在重力式循环水槽实验系统中，测试了瓜尔胶、黄原胶、黄蓍胶及刺槐豆胶等4种生物多糖溶液的喷射减阻特性，给出了喷射溶液速率、主流雷诺数及喷射溶液质量分数对多糖溶液减阻的影响规律。研究结果表明：4种生物多糖溶液均具有显著的喷射减阻效果，其中刺槐豆胶溶液减阻率最高（14.3%）；同一主流雷诺数下，随着喷射溶液速率的提高，各多糖溶液的减阻率显著提高，减阻率达到峰值后则呈现出不同的变化趋势；多糖溶液在主流雷诺数较小（小于2.0×104）时减阻效果更优，提高主流雷诺数后，多糖溶液表现出差异化的减阻规律；过高的喷射溶液质量分数会降低多糖溶液减阻效果，提高主流雷诺数会使多糖溶液减阻效果随质量分数的提高出现“峰值后移”现象。通过引入“喷射溶液相对质量分数”将喷射溶液速率、主流雷诺数及喷射溶液质量分数对减阻效果的影响相互耦合，随着相对质量分数的增大，各多糖溶液的减阻率均表现出先增后降的变化规律。最后，基于相对质量分数初步阐明了多糖溶液的减阻规律。
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关键词:
- 生物多糖溶液 /
- 喷射减阻 /
- 管道实验 /
- 喷射溶液相对质量分数
Abstract: In order to obtain the underwater drag reduction performance of the biopolysac-charide solution, the drag reduction characteristics of four biopolysaccharide solutions of guar gum, xanthan gum, tragacanth gum and locust bean gum were tested in the gravity circulating water tank experimental system. The influence law of the injection rate, Reynolds number and injection mass fraction on the drag reduction is shown. The results show that the four biopoly-saccharide solutions have significant spray drag reduction effects, and the locust bean gum solution has the highest drag reduction rate（14.3%）. At a constant Reynolds number, with the increase of the injection rate, the drag reduction rate of each polysaccharide solution increases significantly, and shows different trends after reaching the peak value of drag reduction. The drag reduction effect of the polysaccharide solution is better when the Reynolds number is small （<2.0×104）. With the increase of the Reynolds number, the drag reduction law of the polysac-charide solution shows differentiation. Excessive injection mass fraction would reduce the drag reduction effect of the polysaccharide solution, and increasing Reynolds number would cause the phenomenon of “peak shift” with the increase of the mass fraction. By introducing relative injection mass fraction, the effects of the injection rate, Reynolds number and injection mass fraction on drag reduction are coupled with each other. With the increase of relative injection mass fraction, the drag reduction rate of each polysaccharide solution increases first and then decreases. Finally, based on the injection spray mass fraction, the drag reduction law of the polysaccharide solution was explained preliminarily. -
图 1 实验装置及喷射腔示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of experimental apparatus and injection device
图 2 喷射速率对多糖溶液减阻的影响
Figure 2. Effect of injection rate on drag reduction of polysaccharide solution
图 3 主流雷诺数对多糖溶液减阻的影响
Figure 3. Effect of Re on drag reduction of polysaccharide solution
图 4 多糖溶液质量分数对减阻的影响
Figure 4. Effect of mass fraction on drag reduction of polysaccharide solution
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