Research on the static aero-elastic sensitivity of stiffness of flexible wing
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摘要: 为保证大展弦比柔性机翼在巡航飞行时的气动性能够达到设计指标，需要在机翼气动外形设计阶段进行型架设计。机翼刚度对气动载荷有显著影响，是影响静气动弹性的重要因素之一。基于流固耦合方法开展变刚度型架外形设计鲁棒性分析研究，建立以机翼刚度为自变量的全机弹性气动导数评估模型，并以机翼扭转角及升力效率为约束，开展机翼刚度敏度分析。结果表明：垂直弯曲刚度、扭转刚度是影响机翼扭转角及全机升力效率的主要刚度特性；在机翼刚度变化不超过10%时可冻结型架外形；全机弹性气动导数与刚度比呈线性关系。研究结果可用于工程型号设计中的目标刚度静气动弹性评估。Abstract: In order to ensure that the aerodynamic performance of high aspect ratio wing in cruise flight can meet the design targets, it is necessary to carry out the jig shape design in the wing design stage. The wing stiffness has a significant effect on the aerodynamic loads, which is one of the important factors affecting the aeroelastic characteristics. Robustness analysis of jig shape design with various stiffness properties was conducted based on CFD/CSD method. The aerodynamic characteristics evaluation model was established with the stiffness value as the independent variable. The sensitivity analysis of the stiffness was carried out with the wing twist angle and lift efficiency as constraints. The research results, providing support for the static aeroelastic evaluation of wing stiffness in the engineering design, show that the vertical bending stiffness and twist stiffness are the main characteristics that affect the wing twist angle and lift efficiency. The Jig shape can be frozen with the increasing stiffness ratio less than 1.1. And linear relationship between elastic aerodynamic derivatives and stiffness ratio is established.
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图 7 弹性机翼的翼尖扭转角差量与刚度比的关系
Figure 7. Relationship between delta wing-tip twist angle and stiffness ratio
图 10 俯仰力矩系数曲线斜率与刚度比的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between slope of pitching moment curve and stiffness
图 11 刚度特性在扭转角约束中的分布
Figure 11. Distribution of stiffness characteristics under the constraint of twist angle
图 12 刚度特性在升力效率约束中的分布
Figure 12. Distribution of stiffness characteristics under the constraint of lift efficiency
图 13 垂直弯曲刚度对扭转角的设计敏度重要性
Figure 13. Design sensitivity importance of vertical bending stiffness to twist angle
图 14 垂直弯曲刚度对升力效率的设计敏度重要性
Figure 14. Design sensitivity importance of vertical bending stiffness to lift efficiency
图 15 扭转刚度对扭转角的设计敏度重要性
Figure 15. Design sensitivity importance of torsional stiffness to twist angle
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