Experimental prediction of lean blowout: a review
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摘要: 贫燃熄火（Lean Blowout，LBO）属于一类特殊的不稳定燃烧现象，往往导致严重后果。因此，及时准确地预测出贫燃熄火现象是实现燃烧稳定性控制的一个重要前提。本文综述了2000年以来，基于化学发光信号、可见光谱颜色信号、温度信号、声压信号和离子电信号预测LBO的原理，以及其采集方式和各自特点。接着介绍了将这些信号进行分析处理得到控制参数的5类方法，分别为统计法、阈值-事件法、频谱法、符号法和非线性动力学法，将这些方法进行综合比较，评价了其预测效果。最后从实际应用的角度出发，对贫燃熄火检测技术的未来发展提出展望。Abstract: Lean Blowout (LBO) is a special kind of instable combustion phenomena which can lead to catastrophic consequences. Thus, it is critical to accurately predict and control the occurrence of LBO. In this work, we summarize the methods developed since 2000 for the prediction of LBO based on flame chemiluminescence, color, temperature, acoustic, and ion signals. How to collect these signals is described as well as five methods of analyzing the collected signals are introduced and compared against each other. Finally, conclusions are provided and future research perspectives are proposed.
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Key words:
- lean blowout /
- combustion instability /
- signal sampling /
- detection and prediction
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表 1 信号类型汇总
Table 1. Summary of signal types for LBO prediction
信号类型
Signal type采集设备
Instrumentation采样频率
Sampling frequency参考文献 & 年份
References & year信号采集特点
CharacteristicsChemiluminescence
(OH*/CH*)Photodiode
PMT1~5 kHz [3, 6, 24-28]
2002-2016(a) Area measurement; (b) Easily affected by interference from other species; (c) Require optical windows Acoustic pressure
(p)Microphone 2kHz [14, 15, 17, 18, 29]
2003-2015(a) Global measurement; (b) Easily affected by interference from background noise; (c) Easy to operate Temperature(T) TDL 2kHz [8, 9, 11, 30]
2006-2009(a) Local measurement; (b) Insensitive to background acoustic noise and flame emissions; (c) Complex and not easy to operate Color
(C)DSLR camera Maximum framing rate [12, 13]
2008-2013(a) Global measurement; (b) Inexpensive and easy to operate; (c) consistent for sensing the incipient LBO over awide range of air/fuel unmixedness Ion
(I)Ion current sensor 4~10kHz [20-23, 31]
2004-2017(a) Local and intrusion measurement; (b) Easy to install; (c) Sensitive to the change of flame 
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表 2 信号处理方法汇总
Table 2. Summary of signal processing methods for LBO prediction
信号处理方法 信号来源 控制参数 计算效率 稳定性 灵敏性 参考文献 & 年份 Statistic OH*/CH*,
p,
C,
IRMS；Θ；γ；
σ2；μ；Peak；High Low Low [6, 13, 27, 32, 41]
2002-2016Threshold-event OH*/CH*,
p,
ISI Medium High High [5, 15, 25, 26, 42]
2002-2013Symbol OH*/CH*,
p,M High High Medium [28, 36, 37]
2006-2015Spectrum OH*/CH*,
p,
T,
IEF; SIR Medium Medium Low [7, 9, 11, 15, 18, 20, 31]
2002-2017Nonlinear dynamics p Etrans; hp Low High Medium [29, 38, 39]
2011-2014
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