Surface shear stress sensitive film sensing technology and its validation experiments in a low-speed wind tunnel
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摘要:
本文介绍了表面剪应力敏感膜传感技术的基本原理和主要优势，通过典型案例介绍了表面剪应力敏感膜在水洞、低速风洞和高速风洞中的应用。对该技术的测量方式和数据处理方法进行了优化，在中国空气动力研究与发展中心0.8 m × 0.6 m低速风洞中，将自制表面剪应力敏感膜应用于高速列车缩比模型风洞验证实验，得到了不同速度条件下的平面剪应力分布云图，对云图特征和数据重复性偏差进行了分析。研究结果表明：自制简化表面剪应力敏感膜（剪切模量为
1224.82 Pa）可精确测量局部平面的表面剪应力分布，在3～13 Pa范围内的重复性优于0.4%，验证了优化后的表面剪应力敏感膜传感技术在一定范围内具有优异的稳定性和重复性。Abstract:A new surface shear stress sensitive film sensing technology was introduced, including the basic conceptual features, principles, technical approaches and the current development status at home and abroad. The main advantages of the surface shear stress sensitive film were analyzed, and the applications of the surface shear stress sensitive film were shown through typical cases in the water tunnel, low-speed wind tunnel and high-speed wind tunnel. We optimized the measurement method and data processing method of this technology, and carried out validation experiments of the homemade surface shear stress-sensitive film with a scaled-down model of the high-speed train in the 0.8 m × 0.6 m Low-speed Wind Tunnel of China Aerodynamic Research and Development Center (CARDC). The cloud maps of surface shear stress distributions at several velocities were obtained, whose characteristics and repeatability were analyzed. The results show that the homemade simplified surface shear stress sensitive film, whose shear modulus is
1224.82 Pa, can accurately measure the surface shear stress distribution in the local region, and the repeatability is better than 0.4% in the range of 3～13 Pa. The optimized surface shear stress sensitive film sensing technology is verified to have excellent stability and repeatability in a certain range. -
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图 15 不同风速下敏感膜表面粒子位移分布
Fig. 15 Particle displacement distribution on the surface of a sensitive film at different wind speeds
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图 3 低速风洞开口试验段中的高速列车
Fig. 3 High-speed train in low-speed wind tunnel opening test section
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图 11 40 m/s风速下的边缘剪切位移分布
Fig. 11 Edge shear displacement distribution at 40 m/s wind speed
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图 12 40 m/s风速下的全局振动位移分布
Fig. 12 Global vibration displacement distribution at 40 m/s wind speed
表 1 不同风速下的平均剪应力及重复性评估
Table 1 Mean shear stress and repeatability evaluation at different wind speeds
风速
/(m·s−1)平均剪应力/Pa 6次测量的
平均值/Paδ/% 第1次
测量第2次
测量第3次
测量第4次
测量第5次
测量第6次
测量10 0.85 0.90 0.66 0.46 0.50 0.54 0.65 40.29% 15 1.20 1.34 1.27 1.16 1.25 1.38 1.27 4.86% 20 2.16 2.21 1.91 1.85 2.00 2.21 2.06 3.40% 25 2.68 2.80 2.70 2.94 2.85 2.94 2.82 1.30% 30 4.26 4.18 4.29 4.24 4.33 4.13 4.24 0.38% 35 6.08 6.01 5.92 6.14 6.19 6.02 6.06 0.24% 40 7.90 7.99 7.81 7.76 7.88 7.78 7.85 0.13% 45 9.17 9.45 9.35 9.28 9.50 9.18 9.32 0.14% 50 12.00 12.12 12.48 12.06 11.84 11.49 11.99 0.21% 
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表 2 剪切模量325 Pa敏感膜的δ评价结果
Table 2 Evaluation results of δ of 325 Pa sensitive film
风速/(m·s−1) 平均剪应力/Pa δ/% 10 0.62 34.31% 15 1.35 1.64% 20 2.03 1.51% 25 2.89 0.77% 30 4.29 0.25%
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