Abstract: The low vacuum tube ultra high-speed maglev system is the next generation of the ultra high-speed ground transportation system, which combines the low vacuum tube and high-speed maglev technologies, and thus can effectively reduce the aerodynamic resistance and aerodynamic noise of the train running at ultra high-speed, to achieve a running speed of 800～1000 km/h, or even more than 1000 km/h. In the present paper, the aerodynamic numerical simulation method of the ultra high-speed maglev train in the low vacuum tube was discussed. The influence of the tube pressure, tube area, and train speed on the aerodynamic performance of the ultra high-speed maglev train in the low vacuum tube, such as the aerodynamic drag, aerodynamic lift, aerodynamic noise source, tube intersection pressure wave, and heating equipment temperature, was studied. And the typical scenarios of the low vacuum tube ultra high-speed maglev system were preliminarily discussed in engineering. The research shows that, when the train speed is 600 km/h, the tube pressure of 1.0 atm–tube area of 100 m², and the tube pressure of 0.3 atm–tube area of 40 m², have engineering feasibility; the tube pressure of 0.3 atm–tube area of 100 m² has the problem of equipment heat dissipation, and the engineering feasibility has certain challenges. When the train speed is 1000 km/h, the equipment head dissipation under the tube pressure of 0.3 atm–tube pressure of 100 m² is significant, and the engineering feasibility is challenged. If the tube pressure is further reduced, the design difficulty of equipment heat dissipation and airtight strength would be further increased.