Flash infrared thermal wave detection of ice surface edge
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摘要:
积冰探测是保障飞行安全的重要手段，是飞机防除冰领域关注的重要问题。本文基于红外热波探测技术，探讨针对红外热波序列图的积冰界线（包括外部界线、内部界线）的识别方法。搭建了闪光红外热波探测系统，采用自制规则积冰样件和带内部界线的积冰样件开展了积冰界线探测实验。运用基于一阶微分算子和二阶微分算子的传统算法对样件进行积冰界线识别，并提出了高斯–拉普拉斯金字塔算法和面积滤波算法相结合的积冰界线识别新算法，讨论了新算法识别积冰界线的可行性。实验与图像数据处理结果表明，传统算法可以成功识别积冰外部界线，但无法准确识别积冰阶跃型内部界线；新算法可以有效识别积冰界线，但图像噪声高于传统算法。新算法在检测不规则积冰内部界线方面具有一定优势。
Abstract:Ice accretion detection is an important means to ensure flight safety and an important issue in the field of aircraft anti-icing. In this paper, the method of identifying the boundary between the ice surface and the interior is discussed by using the infrared thermal wave detection technology. With a flash infrared thermal wave detection system established, regular ice accretion samples and ice accretion samples with internal boundary were made, the ice accretion detection experiments were carried out, and the data of the infrared thermal wave sequence were collected. In addition, the traditional algorithm based on the first-order differential operator and the second-order differential operator was exploited for processing the ice edge. A new boundary recognition method was proposed as well, which combined the gauss-Pierre-Simon Laplace pyramid algorithm and the area filtering algorithm. Then, the feasibility of the proposed algorithm to identify the boundary of the ice accretion surface was discussed and compared. The experiments and the image data processing methods show that the traditional algorithm can successfully recognize the outer boundary of ice accretion, but can not accurately recognize the internal boundary of ice accretion. The new fusion algorithm can effectively recognize the ice edge and the internal boundary, but the image noise is higher than that of the traditional algorithm. It can be concluded that the new fusion algorithm has some advantages in the detection of the irregular icing surface, and it is expected to provide a new research idea for icing detection in the field of aircraft anti-icing.
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图 2 积冰样件红外热序图主成分分析结果
Fig. 2 The results of principal component analysis of infrared heat sequence diagram of ice samples
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图 4 圆形阶跃型积冰样件传统边缘检测结果
Fig. 4 Traditional edge detection results of circular step ice samples
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图 6 方形阶跃型积冰样件传统边缘检测结果
Fig. 6 Traditional edge detection results of square step type ice sample
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