Abstract: The frontier demand for remote and rapid temperature measurement under special conditions poses a challenge to the classical temperature sensing technology. The temperature measurement method based on the principle of magnetism has great potential in these fields. Magnetic nanoparticles have a significant and efficient temperature-to-magnetic field conversion effect and a nanosecond response time, which can realize remote, high-precision and rapid temperature measurement. This article reviews the current development status of the magnetic nanometer temperature measurement technology at home and abroad, including several different physical models and simulation analysis methods for magnetic nanometer temperature measurement, as well as the corresponding temperature information extraction method and measurement system design. The main principle of the remote temperature measurement method based on magnetic nanoparticles is to measure the magnetic susceptibility or magnetization signal, and to obtain temperature information through the Langevin equation magnetic model. At present, multiple prototype experiments have proved the feasibility of the magnetic nanometer temperature measurement method under remote or ultrafast constrained conditions. The magnetic nanothermometer provides a new measurement tool for temperature measurement under extreme conditions such as junction temperature measurement of high-power chips, transient temperature measurement, remote temperature measurement through metal, and temperature imaging downstream of the transition point in a super wind tunnel.