柔性锯齿形尾缘流动分离控制实验的多尺度相干结构研究

巩绪安; 张鑫; 马兴宇; 范子椰; 唐湛棋; 姜楠

doi:10.11729/syltlx20210041

柔性锯齿形尾缘流动分离控制实验的多尺度相干结构研究

巩绪安^{1, 3,},
张鑫³,
马兴宇^{1, 2, ,},
范子椰¹,
唐湛棋^{1, 2},
姜楠^{1, 2}

1.
天津大学机械工程学院力学系，天津　300354
2.
天津市现代工程力学重点实验室，天津　300354
3.
中国空气动力研究与发展中心空气动力学国家重点实验室，绵阳　621000

基金项目: 气动噪声控制重点实验室开放课题（ANCL20200105）；国家自然科学基金（11902218，11732010，11972251，11872272，11802195）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFC0705300）

详细信息

作者简介:
巩绪安: （1999—），男，安徽铜陵人，硕士研究生。研究方向：基于翼型前缘分离的主动和被动流动控制方法。通信地址：天津市天津大学北洋园校区36楼412号（300354）。E-mail：xagong@yeah.net

通讯作者:
马兴宇: E-mail：xingyuma@tju.edu.cn

中图分类号: O357
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-09
- 修回日期: 2021-06-12
- 录用日期: 2021-06-27
- 网络出版日期: 2022-01-09
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-29

Experimental study on flow separation control by flexible serrated trailing edge based on multi-scale coherent structure analysis

GONG Xu’an^{1, 3,},
ZHANG Xin³,
MA Xingyu^{1, 2, ,},
FAN Ziye¹,
TANG Zhanqi^{1, 2},
JIANG Nan^{1, 2}

1.
Department of Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin　300354, China
2.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Engineering Mechanics, Tianjin　300354, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang　621000, China

摘要

摘要: 本文采用柔性锯齿形尾缘进行了流动分离控制风洞实验。利用高频响热线风速仪测量了翼型尾流场，结合瞬时强度因子迭代算法，在时域、频域提取出多尺度湍流相干结构，分析了弹性振动和柔性形变对扰动传播不稳定性的影响。实验结果表明：尾流中分离区厚度减小5%弦长，柔性锯齿形尾缘跟随来流自适应变形摆动，吸收了约20%的尾缘剪切层中的湍动能，产生的大尺度扰流涡持续传递至前缘剪切层，降低了很大范围低频带宽内的功率谱密度，具有良好的降噪效果；脱落涡中相干结构的振幅和发生频率显著削弱，对尾流分离区边界移动、大型涡包破碎和抑制传播的作用非常明显。
- 流动分离 /
- 柔性材料 /
- 锯齿形 /
- 小波分析 /
- 多尺度相干结构
Abstract: This article reports our recent experimental study of airfoil flow separation control by flexible serrated trailing edge. The experiments were conducted in a straight-type wind tunnel and a hot-wire anemometer was used to measure the velocity profile downstream of the two-dimensional airfoil. Multi-scale coherent structures within the separated shear layers are analyzed both in the time and frequency domains. The results show that the separation bubble thickness decreases by almost 5% of the chord length, the flexible serrated trailing edge vibrates and deforms adaptively and absorbs nearly 20% of the trailing edge shear layer’s energy, perturbation transmits to the leading edge shear layer, and thus the power spectral density decreases significantly in the lower and larger bandwidth to reduce the noise. The coherent structures’ frequency and amplitude also decrease notably, breaking and inhibiting the large vortex package’s transmission obviously in the separation bubble.
- flow separation /
- flexible material /
- bionics design /
- wavelet analysis /
- multi-scale coherent structure

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图 11 前缘剪切层子波系数云图

Fig. 11 Contour of wavelet coefficient at leading edge shear layer

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图 1 直流式风洞

Fig. 1 Straight-type wind tunnel

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图 2 实验示意图

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the experiment

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图 3 3种控制工况

Fig. 3 Three control conditions

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图 4 无量纲脉动速度均方根

Fig. 4 Dimensionless RMS of fluctuation velocity

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图 5 不同工况下的无量纲预乘能谱

Fig. 5 Dimensionless pre-multiplied energy spectra under different working conditions

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图 6 尾缘附近小波系数云图

Fig. 6 Contour of wavelet coefficient near trailing edge

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图 7 不同频率尺度小波能量分布图

Fig. 7 Wavelet energy distribution at different scales

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图 8 平坦因子在法向上的分布

Fig. 8 Flat factor distribution in normal direction

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图 9 前缘和尾缘剪切层旋涡脱落规律

Fig. 9 Vortex shedding law of leading edge and trailing edge shear layer

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图 10 无量纲功率谱密度图

Fig. 10 Dimensionless power spectral density diagram

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图 12 提取相干结构的迭代算法

Fig. 12 Iterative algorithm for extracting coherent structures

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图 13 不同频率尺度相干结构之间的激发关系

Fig. 13 Stimulation among coherent structures of different scales

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图 14 不同频率尺度下相干结构的无量纲相位平均图

Fig. 14 Dimensionless phase average diagram of coherent structures at different scales

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图 15 柔性锯齿形尾缘扰流示意图

Fig. 15 Schematic figure of flexible serrated trailing edge

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表 1 不同频率尺度相干结构的发生频率变化率

Table 1 Change rates of frequency of different scale coherent structures compared with no control condition

频率尺度S_f	刚性尾缘工况发生频率变化率	弹性尾缘工况发生频率变化率	柔性尾缘工况发生频率变化率
0.11～0.22	−24%	−20%	−42%
0.22～0.44	−15%	11%	−54%
0.44～0.89	12%	34%	−40%
0.89～1.77	23%	12%	−39%
1.77～3.55	25%	8%	−18%
3.55～7.10	35%	9%	−23%
7.10～14.20	80%	23%	−25%

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