The study on transient heat flux measurement based on hybrid heat transfer modes
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摘要: 瞬态热流是电弧加热器试验高温流场需要校测的重要参数。针对高热流、强冲刷试验测试环境，根据能量守恒原则，给出了一种基于热容吸热和一维半无限体传热的混合传热模态的瞬态热流测试方法，分析了有效测试时间范围。在此基础上，设计了一种新型结构的瞬态热流传感器。结合标定试验，对研制的瞬态热流传感器进行动态响应特性检测和准度校准，并应用于电弧加热器试验环境中。结果表明：该瞬态热流传感器具有良好的动态响应性能和抗冲刷能力，可以满足电弧加热器试验环境高热流测试需求。Abstract: The transient heat flux is an important parameter simulated in the high temperature flowfield of the arc heater test. With respect to the harsh aerodynamic heating environment with high-level heat flux and intensive erosion, a modified transient heat flux measurement method is firstly proposed based on the hybrid heat transfer modes of heat capacity and one-dimensional semi-infinite heat transfer. Then, a novel structure of the transient heat flux sensor is designed and fabricated for the hybrid method. The sensor calibration is evaluated on the calibration system, and it is found that it has a good linear sensitivity and the proposed measurement method is favorable to its rapid-response. Finally, the on-site measurement results show that this type of heat flux sensor has a good robust and dynamical response, which can be applied under the high-level heat flux environment of the arc heater test.
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图 1 一维传热模型及混合传热模态分解
Fig. 1 One-dimensional heat transfer mode and its equivalent hybrid modes
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图 2 瞬态热流传感器结构设计图
Fig. 2 Fabrication structure of the proposed transient heat flux sensor
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图 4 瞬态热流传感器动态响应特性
Fig. 4 Dynamical response characteristic of transient heat flux sensor
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图 8 平板校测模型热流、压力测试试验
Fig. 8 Pressure and heat flux distribution measurement test for plate calibration model
表 1 两次试验状态运行参数
Table 1 Test conditions for two runs
状态 电流/A 电压/V 主气流量/（kg·s–1） 弧室压力/MPa 迎角/（°） 1 2992 16140 1.857 1.5330 20 2 3000 16226 1.904 1.5366 8 
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表 2 平板校测模型表面热流分布测试结果
Table 2 Surface heat flux distribution measurements of plate calibra-tion model
状态 热流传感器
编号热流
/（MW·m–2）热流
/（MW·m–2）热流
/（MW·m–2）1 1#\2#\3# 23.27 23.31 24.46 4#\5#\6# 18.43 17.20 17.92 7#\8#\9# 17.11 17.60 17.64 10#\11#\12# 11.90 14.07 12.65 2 1#\2#\3# 13.41 13.72 13.95 4#\5#\6# 12.21 11.13 11.47 7#\8#\9# 11.37 11.73 10.18 10#\11#\12# 10.32 11.76 11.38
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