压电陶瓷布局对除冰效果的影响研究

包明鑫; 苗波; 朱春玲

doi:10.11729/syltlx20200091

压电陶瓷布局对除冰效果的影响研究

南京航空航天大学航空学院精密驱动技术国防重点学科实验室，南京　210016

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51806105，11832012）

详细信息

作者简介:
包明鑫: （1996-），男，青海互助人，硕士研究生。研究方向：飞机防除冰技术。通信地址：江苏省南京市秦淮区御道街29号南京航空航天大学航空学院（210016）。E-mail：bmx1996@nuaa.edu.cn

通讯作者:
朱春玲: E-mail：clzhu@nuaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V244.1⁺5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-01
- 修回日期: 2020-11-01
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-25
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-30

Research on the influence of the piezoelectric ceramics layout on de-icing effect

Ministerial Key Discipline Laboratory of Precision Driving Technology, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing　210016, China

摘要

摘要: 用仿真与实验的方式研究了压电陶瓷除冰技术在复合材料上的应用。通过有限元仿真研究了在能耗相等的前提下压电陶瓷布局（数目、间距）对除冰效果的影响，并进行了冷环境下除冰实验。仿真结果表明：按合理的布局方式，将尺寸较大的单块压电陶瓷分成尺寸较小的多块时，会有比大尺寸单块压电陶瓷更好的除冰效果；随着压电陶瓷间距的减小，除冰效果进一步增强。实验结果表明：增大压电陶瓷输入功率可以较大程度缩短除冰时间；将尺寸较大的单个压电陶瓷分成尺寸较小的4块后，相同能耗下除冰效果增强；减小压电陶瓷之间的的间距后，除冰时间进一步缩短。
- 压电陶瓷 /
- 除冰 /
- 复合材料 /
- 压电陶瓷数目 /
- 压电陶瓷间距
Abstract: The piezoelectric de-icing method is studied by simulation and experiment on a composite plate. The effect of piezoelectric ceramic layout (number, spacing) on the de-icing effect under the same energy consumption is studied by finite element simulation. The de-icing experiments are done under cold environment condition. The results show that when the piezoelectric ceramics with larger dimension are divided into smaller pieces according to a certain layout, the de-icing effect becomes better than that with large size single piezoelectric ceramic. As the spacing of the piezoelectric ceramics decreases, the deicing effect is further enhanced. The experimental results show that the de-icing time can be greatly shortened by increasing the input power of actuators. After dividing the large piezoelectric ceramics into four smaller ones, the de-icing effect is enhanced with the same energy consumption. The de-icing time is further shortened after the spacing of the piezoelectric ceramics is reduced.
- piezoelectric ceramics /
- de-icing /
- composite material /
- number of piezoelectric ceramics /
- spacing of piezoelectric ceramics

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图 1 复合材料平板铺层示意图

Fig. 1 The ply orientation distribution of the composite plate

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图 2 平板振型图

Fig. 2 The mode shapes of the plate

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图 3 不同数目的压电陶瓷布局

Fig. 3 Layouts of different numbers of piezoelectric ceramics

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图 4 4个节点位置示意图

Fig. 4 The location of the four nodes

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图 5 节点最大位移随单个压电陶瓷有效面积的变化曲线

Fig. 5 The curve of the maximum displacements of nodes varying with the effective area of single piezoelectric ceramic

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图 6 4个节点的频响曲线

Fig. 6 Frequency response curve of four nodes

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图 7 3个节点位置示意图

Fig. 7 The location of the three nodes

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图 8 最大位移随压电陶瓷间距变化曲线

Fig. 8 The curve between the maximum displacement and the spacing

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图 9 5个波峰/波谷上的压电陶瓷布局及剪切应力（0.955 kHz）

Fig. 9 Layout of piezoelectric ceramics on five peaks /valleys and shear stress (0.955 kHz)

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图 10 高频（139.800 kHz）下的剪切应力图

Fig. 10 The shear stress at high frequency (139.800 kHz)

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图 11 长宽比4.3的平板振型图

Fig. 11 Mode shape of the plate with the aspect ratio of 4.3

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图 12 长宽比4.3的平板上的压电陶瓷布局

Fig. 12 The layout of actuators on the plate with aspect ratio of 4.3

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图 13 能耗分析图

Fig. 13 Energy analysis diagram

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图 14 平板Tsai-Wu失效准则破坏因子云图

Fig. 14 Destory factors of Tsai-Wu failure criteria of two plates

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图 15 实验固支方式

Fig. 15 The fixation method of the experiment

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图 16 冰层脱落图

Fig. 16 The figure of the ice de-bonding

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图 17 压电陶瓷布局

Fig. 17 The layout of piezoelectric ceramics

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表 1 复合材料的物理参数

Table 1 Physical parameters of composite materials

Density/（kg·m^–3）	E_x/Pa	E_y/Pa	E_z/Pa	ν_xy	ν_xz	ν_yz	G_xy/Pa	G_xz/Pa	G_yz/Pa
2000	5.00×10¹⁰	8.00×10⁹	8.00×10⁹	0.30	0.30	0.40	5.00×10⁹	5.00×10⁹	3.85×10⁹

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表 2 不同数目的压电陶瓷的尺寸表（厚度为2 mm）

Table 2 Dimensions of different numbers of piezoelectric ceramics （thickness is 2 mm）

Number of piezoelectric ceramics	Length/ mm	Width/ mm	Effective area of single piezoelectric ceramic/mm²	Total effective area/mm²
1	30.0	30.0	900.0	900.0
2	25.0	18.0	450.0	900.0
3	20.0	15.0	300.0	900.0
4	15.0	15.0	225.0	900.0
5	15.0	12.0	180.0	900.0
6	15.0	10.0	150.0	900.0
8	15.0	7.5	112.5	900.0
9	10.0	10.0	100.0	900.0
10	10.0	9.0	90.0	900.0

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表 3 不同激振频率下的剪切应力

Table 3 Shear stresses in different vibration frequencies

Case	Frequency/kHz	Voltage/V	Total shear stress/MPa	Power /（kW·m^–2）
1	0.932	200	0.160	0.010
2	140.000	200	0.890	2.000
3	139.966	200	1.720	1.990

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表 4 平板强度参数（MPa）^[28]

Table 4 The strength parameters of the plate (MPa)^[28]

X_T	X_C	Y_T	Y_C	Z_T	Z_C	S_xy	S_yz	S_xz
1100	670	1100	670	35	120	80.0	80	46.1

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表 5 实验结果数据

Table 5 Experimental datas

Number	Dimension of the piezoelectric ceramics/mm³	Space between the piezoelectric ceramics/mm	Frequency /kHz	Voltage /V	Power /（kW·m^–2）	De-bonding	Time/s
1	40×40×1	0	0.932	300	0.047	No
2	40×40×1	0	20.000	300	1.017	Yes	120
3	40×40×1	0	134.370	300	6.831	Yes	65
4	20×20×1	4	1.080	300	0.055	Yes	87
5	20×20×1	4	18.000	300	0.915	Yes	40
6	20×20×1	4	110.000	100	5.592	Yes	38
7	20×20×1	12	1.080	300	0.055	Yes	100
8	20×20×1	12	18.000	300	0.915	Yes	48
9	20×20×1	12	113.500	100	5.770	Yes	53

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