Research on the layout scheme for the axial compressor in the 0.6 m continuous transonic wind tunnel
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摘要: 压缩机作为连续式跨声速风洞的驱动系统，其运转性能与风洞总体性能的匹配设计是风洞研制的关键技术之一。随着大型连续式跨超声速风洞的发展，压缩机研制呈现出运转功率大和运转效率高、调节范围宽和调节精度高等鲜明特点。基于0.6 m连续式跨声速风洞的研制，对大型跨声速风洞轴流压缩机的布局方案进行研究。从气动性能、结构设计、控制等方面对压缩机位置布局和方案布局进行了分析，并阐述了风洞压缩机一体化设计的重要性。在压缩机布置于第一、二拐角段之间的前提下，通过压缩机性能试验，验证了电机外置两端驱动方案、多台电机同步控制方案和压缩机内流道整流技术等的可行性。风洞调试结果表明，压缩机运行性能良好，各项指标均满足设计技术要求，为大型连续式跨声速风洞建设奠定了基础。Abstract: As the driving system of continuous transonic wind tunnel, compressor's matching design, which considered its operating performance and the general performance of wind tunnel, is one of the key technologies in wind tunnel design. With the development of large continuous transonic and supersonic wind tunnel, the compressor trends to have larger power, higher energy efficiency, wider range, higher precision and so on. The layout scheme of the axial compressor in the 0.6 m continuous transonic wind tunnel, which is a pilot wind tunnel for large transonic wind tunnel, is studied. The location and the scheme of the main compressor are analyzed from the aspects of aerodynamic performance, structural design and control. Also, the integrated design of the wind tunnel and compressor is important for the sake of efficiency. By performance test of compressor in the 0.6 m continuous transonic wind tunnel, while the compressor arranged between the first and the second corner, the feasibility of the layout scheme of external motors and two-end drive, the synchronous control of multi motors and the rectification technology of the compressor's internal flow path is validated. All the compressor's operating performance indicators can fulfill the design-technology requirements well. The studies provide technical support for the construction of large scale continuous transonic wind tunnel.
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图 3 单轴与双轴驱动压缩机方案示意图
Fig. 3 Compressor sketches of one-shaft project and dual-shaft project
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图 4 0.6 m风洞第一拐角段轴套整流装置示意图
Fig. 4 Sketch of rectifying device of shaft hood for the first corner in the 0.6 m wind tunnel
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图 5 压缩机轴套整流时对称面总压分布云图
Fig. 5 Total pressure distribution of symmetry plane of the compressor
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图 6 主压缩机测试性能曲线(静叶角66°)
Fig. 6 Performance curve of the main compressor(static vane angle at 66°)
表 1 0.6 m风洞主压缩机双轴方案与单轴方案比较
Table 1 Comparison between one-shaft project and dual- shaft project of the compressor in the 0.6 m wind tunnel
序号 项目 双轴方案 单轴方案 1 型号 AV90-2+2，共4级 AV90-3，共3级 2 转速范围 750~3200 r/min 1200~3600 r/min 3 风洞短轴距离 ~7 m ~5 m 4 转子个数 双转子 单转子 5 轴承 4个 2个 6 压缩机级数 4级 3级 7 驱动方式 2个电机各驱动一个转子 2个电机驱动同一个转子 8 弯曲临界转速 4000/3200=1.25>1.2，安全 4553/3600=1.264>1.2，安全 9 扭曲临界转速 513、4354、19946 r/min，安全 719、912、27979 r/min，安全 10 压缩机效率 设计点79%
(比单轴方案约低1%)设计点80%
(比双轴方案约高1%)
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