小型低温风洞压缩机转子结构设计

陈振华; 聂徐庆; 杨文国

doi:10.11729/syltlx20170094

小型低温风洞压缩机转子结构设计

中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计及测试技术研究所, 四川绵阳 621000

基金项目:

中国空气动力研究与发展中心青年创新基金 FLYIF20150010

详细信息

作者简介:
陈振华(1966-), 男, 湖北天门人, 研究员, 中国空气动力学学会理事。研究方向:空气动力地面实验设备设计。通信地址:四川省绵阳市二环路南段6号(621000)。E-mail:chenzhenhua@cardc.cn

通讯作者:
聂徐庆, E-mail:xuqingnie@163.com

中图分类号: V231.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-07-30
- 修回日期: 2017-10-09
- 刊出日期: 2018-02-24

Structural design of a small cryogenic wind tunnel compressor rotor

Facility Design and Instrumentation Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang Sichuan 621000, China

摘要

摘要: 低温风洞的轴流压缩机是整个风洞的动力装置，具有温度范围宽广、运转速度较高等特点。本文围绕低温压缩机的转子结构设计，论述了压缩机主轴-轮毂连接、轮毂-叶片连接、轴承的选取、轴承的润滑、密封结构形式以及轴系热防护方案等关键技术，针对弹性支承下的转子动力学校核以及转子热应力计算等内容开展了仿真研究。计算结果表明，转子第一阶临界转速远高于最大转速，降温结束时推力轴承座圆锥面内侧的最大应力值约170MPa，安全系数大于1.5。压缩机组和小型低温风洞进行了联合调试，当总温降至110K时，轴承温度大于5℃，轴承振动在全转速范围内小于3mm/s。各项性能指标均满足使用要求，调试结果验证了该压缩机转子系统设计的可靠性。
- 低温压缩机 /
- 转子结构 /
- 转子动力学 /
- 动密封 /
- 热应力计算
Abstract: The axial compressor is the power equipment of the cryogenic wind tunnel. It has the characteristics of the wide temperature range and high speed of operation. The compressor rotor structural design was studied in this paper. Key technologies of the compressor design were discussed in detail, including shaft-hub connection, hub-blade connection, bearing selection, lubrication method, seal structure, heat protection scheme, et al. The compressor rotor dynamical characteristics under elastic supporting was calculated using the FEM method. The thermal-structure coupling simulation of the rotor was conducted. Calculation results show that the rotor critical speed is much higher than the maximum speed, the maximum stress value of the thrust bearing housing is about 170MPa when the temperature dropping stage ends, and the safety factor is bigger than 1.5. United debugging of the compressor on a small cryogenic wind tunnel was carried out. Experimental results show that when the total temperature of the wind tunnel drops to 110K, the bearing temperature is higher than 5℃, and the bearing vibration value is lower than 3mm/s. They both meet the design requirement, which verifies that this compressor rotor design is reliable.
- cryogenic compressor /
- rotor structural /
- rotor dynamics /
- dynamic seal /
- thermal-structure analysis

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图 1 压缩机气动轮廓

Fig. 1 Aerodynamic sketch of the compressor

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图 2 压缩机结构简图

Fig. 2 Structural sketch of the compressor

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图 3 轮毂-主轴连接结构

Fig. 3 Hub-shaft connection structure

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图 4 叶片连接示意图

Fig. 4 Sketch of blade connection structure

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图 5 轴承密封和保温设计

Fig. 5 Dynamic seal and heating design of bearings

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图 6 压缩机转子有限元建模

Fig. 6 Compressor rotor FEM model

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图 7 压缩机转子Campbell图

Fig. 7 Campbell diagram of compressor rotor

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图 8 压缩机转子降温结束时计算结果

Fig. 8 Calculation result of the compressor rotor when temperature dropping stage ends

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图 9 试验现场照片

Fig. 9 Experiment field photo

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图 10 轴承温度监控曲线

Fig. 10 Monitor curve of the compressor bearing temperature

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图 11 压缩机轴承振动曲线

Fig. 11 Monitor curve of compressor bearing vibration

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表 1 轴承选型及结构参数表

Table 1 Bearing selection and structure parameters

轴承类型	型号	内径 /mm	外径 /mm	宽度 /mm	接触角 /(°)	质量 /kg
径向	N1913-K-M1-SP	65	90	13	-	0.24
推力	B7217-C-T-P4S	85	150	28	15	1.82

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