Abstract: An experimental device for the axisymmetrical dissemination of liquid was set up. Applying the high-speed photography technology, the time series of the instability development at the gas/liquid interface and the primary breakup were recorded. The experimental results show that the increase of Mach number will lead not only to the decrease of the wavelength and the increase of the wave number of initial disturbance waves, but also to the degree of mixing of the spike and airflow. The positions of the primary breakup of the liquid don't change with the increase of the shock wave. The acceleration of the liquid front remains unchanged in the earlier stage and rises rapidly in the later stage.