外流条件对楔形无源流体推力矢量喷管矢量控制特性影响研究

Study on the influence of outflow conditions on the vector control characteristics of wedge-shaped PFTV nozzle

  • 摘要: 流体推力矢量技术在提升飞行器机动性、敏捷性和隐身性等方面具有重要应用前景。当前,针对无源流体推力矢量喷管的研究多为在无外流环境下开展,对外流速度和飞行姿态的改变对喷管射流偏转和推力矢量控制特性的影响规律尚不清楚。本文设计了以电动涵道风扇为内流动力源的楔形无源流体推力矢量喷管风洞试验模型,针对不同内外流条件下喷管的力矢量角控制特性和典型工况下的内外流速度场分布进行了风洞试验研究。研究结果表明:射流速度30 m/s~75 m/s(雷诺数Re = 1.69 × 105~4.22 × 105)、外流速度10 m/s~25 m/s条件下,射流偏转对喷管两侧外流分别具有引射与阻挡效应,造成喷管两侧外流存在流速差,产生的侧向气动力使喷管最大力矢量角随外流速度和射流速度的比值U*的增加而增大。随着喷管模型的攻角不断增大,由于射流在迎风侧受外流冲击作用大于背风侧并不断增强,射流向两侧偏转表现出迎风侧偏转角度小于背风侧的差异。

     

    Abstract: The fluidic thrust vectoring technology holds significant promise for enhancing aircraft maneuverability, agility, and stealth capabilities. Currently, research on passive fluidic thrust vectoring (PFTV) nozzles is predominantly conducted in the absence of external flow, leaving the impact of variations in the external flow velocity and flight attitude on jet deflection and thrust vectoring control characteristics unclear. This paper presents a wind tunnel test model of a wedge-shaped PFTV nozzle powered by an electric ducted fan. The study investigates the nozzle's thrust vectoring angle control characteristics under various internal and external flow conditions, as well as the velocity field distribution of both internal and external flows under typical operating conditions. Results indicate that,at jet velocities of 30-75 m/s (Re = 1.69 × 105~4.22 × 105) and external flow velocities of 10-25 m/s, jet deflection exhibits entrainment and blocking effects on the external flow on both sides of the nozzle, creating a velocity difference. This results in a lateral aerodynamic force that increases the maximum thrust vector angle as the ratio U* of the external flow velocity to the jet velocity increases. As the angle of attack of the nozzle model increases, the greater impact of the external flow on the windward side compared to the leeward side intensifies, leading to smaller deflection angles on the windward side compared to the leeward side.

     

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