冰脊间流场特性的PIV实验研究

PIV experimental study on flow field characteristics between ice keels

  • 摘要: 冰脊间流场结构的变化会影响极地海冰-海洋界面的动量交换,从而改变海冰运动及其演变规律。为弥补现场观测数据缺失并阐明冰脊间的流场特征,采用粒子图像测速技术开展实验室物理模拟实验,改变冰脊模型参数无量纲间距L (7.5~30)、相对运动速度V (0.1~0.3 m/s)、冰脊入水深度H (0.04~0.12 m)和冰脊模型的底角角度α (30~90 °),对冰脊间冰下流场结构进行了精细测量,并着重分析了冰脊角度、间距和入水深度变化对流场结构的影响。结果表明:随着冰脊倾角逐渐增大,流场速度梯度增加,回流漩涡涡心逐渐远离前冰脊尖端,涡心下方速度梯度显著增大。增大冰脊间距时,冰脊间流速先逐渐增大后减小,当冰脊间无量纲间距超过一定距离后,后冰脊对中间流场几乎不产生影响。随着冰脊入水深度增加,回流区旋涡横向和纵向影响范围变大,涡心下方速度梯度增加,入水深度达到0.12 m时出现较小的旋涡。并且发现冰脊运动速度不是影响流场变化的主导因素。实验结果对于冰-海拖曳系数参数化与海冰动力学模型改进具有重要意义。

     

    Abstract: Changes in the flow field structure between ice ridges can affect the momentum exchange at the polar sea ice-ocean interface, thus altering sea ice movement and evolution patterns. To make up for the missing field observation data and clarify the flow characteristics between the ice keels, laboratory physical simulation experiments were conducted using the particle image velocimetry technology. By varying the dimensionless spacing between ridge keels L from 7.5 to 30, the relative velocity V from 0.1 to 0.3 m/s, the draft H from 0.04 to 0.12 m, and the incline angle of the ridge keels α from 30 to 90° the flow field structure between ridge keels and the wake flow field was explored, and the impact of changes in angle, spacing and the draft of ridge keels on the flow field structure was analyzed. The results indicate that with an increase in the angle of the ridge keels, the velocity gradient of the flow field also increases. The core of the backflow vortex gradually moves away from the front of the ice ridge, with a significant increase in the velocity gradient below the core. When the distance between the ridge keels widens, the flow velocity initially rises and then declines between the ridge keels. Once the dimensionless spacing between the ice keels exceeds a certain distance, the rear ridge keel has minimal impact on the intermediate flow field. As the ridge keels enter deeper into the water, the lateral and longitudinal influence range of the backflow vortex increases, resulting in a higher velocity gradient below the vortex core. A minor vortex emerges when the water depth reaches 0.12 meters. It is observed that the speed of ice ridge movement is not the primary factor influencing changes in the flow field. These experimental findings hold significant importance for parameterizing the ice-ocean drag coefficient and enhancing sea ice dynamics models.

     

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