基于Coanda脉冲射流的D型体主动减阻控制研究

张世雄; 白宏磊

doi:10.11729/syltlx20230053

基于Coanda脉冲射流的D型体主动减阻控制研究

doi: 10.11729/syltlx20230053

张世雄,
白宏磊^,

中山大学深圳校区（中山大学·深圳）航空航天学院，深圳　518107

基金项目: 深圳市高校稳定支持重点项目（GXWD20201231165807008，20200830220051001）

详细信息

作者简介:
张世雄：（1997—），男，吉林长春人，博士研究生。研究方向：结合机器学习的主动流动控制。通信地址：广东省深圳市光明区中山大学深圳校区理学园西426办公室（518107）。E-mail：zhangshx6@mail2.sysu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
E-mail：baihlei3@mail.sysu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O358；O368
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- 文章访问数: 159
- HTML全文浏览量: 163
- PDF下载量: 51
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-10
- 修回日期: 2023-06-28
- 录用日期: 2023-07-06
- 网络出版日期: 2023-08-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-30

Active drag reduction for a D-shaped cylinder flow using Coanda pulsation jets

ZHANG Shixiong,
BAI Honglei^,

School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen Campus(Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University), Shenzhen　518107, China

摘要

摘要: D型体是典型钝体之一，其尾缘分离流动及近尾流流动结构与其受到的气动阻力密切相关。本文结合Coanda脉冲射流及遗传算法，对D型体绕流进行主动减阻控制。实验在直流风洞中进行，基于来流速度和D型体高度H的雷诺数为1.8 × 10⁴；Coanda脉冲射流布置于D型体背部上下两侧，控制参数包括射流的驱动压力、频率和占空比，以及背部上下侧射流相位差。遗传算法的目标函数为D型体时均背压，间接反映D型体所受气动阻力。研究结果表明：遗传算法能够帮助确定Coanda脉冲射流的最优控制参数组合（射流驱动压力为1.94 atm，无量纲射流频率为0.27，射流占空比为37%，上下侧射流相位差为136°），使D型体时均背压提升达61%（对应的减阻率约为23%），对应45%的控制效率；在最优控制参数下，D型体近尾流交替脱落的大尺度旋涡被破坏，脱落频率和相位差被改变。
- D型体 /
- Coanda脉冲射流 /
- 主动减阻 /
- 遗传算法
Abstract: A D-shaped cylinder can be considered as one of the typical models for bluff bodies; flow separation from the trailing edges and near-wake flow structures are internally linked with aerodynamic forces acting on the D-shaped cylinder. Based on Coanda pulsation jets and Genetic Algorithms (GAs), this work is focused on the active control of the D-shaped cylinder flow for drag reduction. Wind tunnel experiments are conducted at a Reynolds number Re = 1.8 × 10⁴, which is based on the incoming freestream velocity and height of the D-shaped cylinder. Being placed on the upper and lower sides of the cylinder base, the Coanda pulsation jets are composed of 1/4-parts of a circular cylinder (radius is 0.2H) and horizontal slot jets. Control parameters include the driving pressure of the jet, pulsation frequency, duty cycle, and the phase shift of the lower and upper jets. The time-averaged base pressure of the D-shaped cylinder, which is connected with the drag force, is chosen to be the objective function of GAs. Results from this work indicate that GAs are robust to identify the optimum control parameters (i.e., driving pressure of the jet is 1.94 times atmospheric pressure, non-dimensional pulsation frequency is 0.27, duty cycle is 37% and phase shift is 136°), resulting in a recovery of the base pressure up to 61% (corresponding to a drag reduction up to 23%), associated with a high efficiency of 45%; meanwhile, it is observed that large-scale near-wake structures of the D-shaped cylinder are impaired, with altered shedding frequency and phase difference, by the Coanda pulsation jets.
- D-shaped cylinder /
- Coanda pulsation jet /
- active drag reduction /
- Genetic Algorithms

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图 1 D型体（对称面视图）、Coanda脉冲射流示意图及背部压力测点

Figure 1. Diagram of the D-shaped cylinder with Coanda pulsation jets and distributions of the pressure tabs on the base

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图 2 D型体模型风洞实验现场图片

Figure 2. Photo of the experimental setup

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图 3 基于遗传算法的闭环控制流程图

Figure 3. Flow chart of the genetic algorithms-based closed-loop control

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图 4 D型体背部压力系数随时间变化曲线

Figure 4. Time-histories of the base pressure coefficients of the uncontrolled D-shaped cylinder flow

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图 5 自然流动状态下的D型体近尾流流动结构

Figure 5. Smoke-wire flow visualization of the near wake of the uncontrolled D-shaped cylinder flow

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图 6 自然流动状态下的D型体背部压力功率谱密度函数、互谱Cross spectrum和相位差

Figure 6. Power spectrum density functions of the base pressure, Cross spectrum, and phase lag in the absence of the pulsation jet control

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图 7 D型体时均背压随驱动压力的变化

Figure 7. Variations of the mean base pressure with the driving pressure

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图 8 D型体时均背压随射流频率的变化

Figure 8. Variations of the mean base pressure with the jet frequency

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图 9 D型体时均背压随占空比的变化

Figure 9. Variations of the mean base pressure with the duty cycle

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图 10 D型体时均背压随相位差的变化

Figure 10. Variations of the mean base pressure with the phase lag between the upper and lower jet

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图 11 D型体时均背压随遗传代数的变化情况

Figure 11. Variations of the mean base pressure coefficient with the generation of genetic algorithms

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图 12 Coanda 脉冲射流控制参数随遗传代数的变化情况

Figure 12. Variations of the control parameters with the generation of genetic algorithms

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图 13 最优控制参数下的D型体背部压力系数时程图

Figure 13. Time-histories of base pressure coefficients of the optimal controlled D-shaped cylinder flow

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图 14 最优控制参数下的D型体背部压力功率谱密度函数PSD、互谱Cross spectrum及相位差

Figure 14. Power spectrum density functions of the base pressure, Cross spectrum, and phase lag in the presence of the pulsation jet control

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图 15 最优控制参数下的D型体上下侧背压信号相位差

Figure 15. The phase lag between the upper and lower base pressure in the presence of the pulsation jet control

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图 16 最优控制参数下的D型体近尾流流动结构

Figure 16. Smoke-wire flow visualization of the near wake of the D-shaped cylinder flow in the presence of the pulsation jet control

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图 17 控制效率随射流驱动压力和占空比的变化

Figure 17. Variations of the control efficiency with the driving pressure and the duty cycle of jets

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表 1 D型体减阻问题研究进展总结

Table 1. Summery of previous study of D-shaped cylinder drag reduction

第一作者	文献发表时间	控制方法	Re	最大减阻率
Tombazis^[3]	1997	被动控制	4.0 × 10⁴	14%
Park^[4]	2006	被动控制	4.0 × 10⁴	12%
Thiria^[5]	2009	被动控制	5 × 10³～5 × 10⁴	17.5%
Gao^[7]	2016	开环控制	4.7 × 10⁴	5%
Henning^[8]	2006	闭环控制	4.0 × 10⁴	10%
Pastoor^[9]	2008	闭环控制	2.3 × 10⁴～7.0 × 10⁴	15%
Oswald^[10]	2019	闭环控制	5.4 × 10⁴	27%
Shaqarin^[11]	2021	闭环控制	3.45 × 10⁴ 5.50 × 10⁴	45% 40%

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表 2 遗传算法参数设置

Table 2. Genetic algorithm parameters

参数	值
每代种群个体数量	20
遗传代数	10
每代保留最优个体数	2
交叉率	0.7
变异率	0.3

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