Improvement and evaluation of thermal flow-field quality in CARDC icing wind tunnel
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摘要: 结冰风洞热流场品质符合性是大型结冰风洞适航应用的基础。为明晰制冷系统性能升级优化对3 m×2 m结冰风洞热流场品质的影响，开展了热流场符合性验证试验，评估了热交换器出口和试验段两位置处热流场品质，给出了气流总温修正关系，形成了热流场控制包线。结果表明：热交换器出口和试验段模型区内热流场品质在主要试验工况下均优于SAE ARP5905指标；与升级优化前（2019年）试验结果对比，优化后试验段模型区内热流场空间均匀性显著增强，尤其在高风速、低总温工况下，模型区内均未出现超标的非均匀峰值点。结冰风洞制冷系统的升级优化显著扩展了3 m×2 m结冰风洞主试验段热流场控制包线，增强了结冰风洞试验模拟能力。Abstract: The compliance of the thermal flow field quality of the large icing wind tunnel is the foundation of its airworthiness application. In order to understand the effects of upgrading of the refrigeration system on the thermal flow field quality in the CARDC icing wind tunnel, a comprehensive verification test is carried out for the main test section. Then, the thermal flow field qualities, both at the exit of the heat exchanger and in the test section, are evaluated. Finally, the correction relationship of the airflow total temperature and the thermal flow field operating envelop are achieved. Results show that the thermal flow field qualities, both at the exit of the heat exchanger and in the test section, are better than the quality index given in SAE ARP5905, under the main test conditions. Compared with the test results in 2019, the spatial uniformity in the model area of the test section is greatly enhanced. Particularly, non-uniform temperature peak points exceeding the standard in the model area are eliminated under the conditions of high airspeed and low total temperature. Finally, the upgrading of the refrigeration system in 2020 greatly extends the thermal flow field operating envelop, so that the temperature simulation capability of the CARDC icing wind tunnel is enhanced significantly.
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图 2 结冰风洞总温控制探针
Figure 2. The total temperature operating probe in CARDC icing wind tunnel
图 3 结冰风洞总温控制探针测量位置示意图
Figure 3. The measured positions of total temperature operating probes in CARDC icing wind tunnel
图 5 温度格栅测点位置矩阵
Figure 5. The position matrix of measured points in the temperature grid device
图 7 热交换器出口气流总温空间分布云图
Figure 7. The spatial distribution of airflow total temperature at the exit of the heat exchanger
图 8 热交换器出口气流总温空间偏差标准差和最大绝对值
Figure 8. The standard deviation and maximum absolute value of the spatial deviation of the airflow total temperature at the exit of the heat exchanger
图 9 热交换器出口气流总温时间偏差变化曲线
Figure 9. The variation profiles of the temporal deviation of airflow total temperature at the exit of the heat exchanger
图 10 热交换器出口气流总温时间偏差标准差和最大绝对值
Figure 10. The standard deviation and maximum absolute value of the temporal deviation of airflow total temperature at the exit of the heat exchanger
图 11 试验段气流总温空间分布云图
Figure 11. The spatial distribution of airflow total temperature in the test section
图 12 试验段模型区气流总温空间偏差标准差和最大绝对值
Figure 12. The standard deviation and maximum absolute value of the spatial deviation of airflow total temperature in the model area of test section
图 13 试验段中心线处气流总温时间偏差变化曲线
Figure 13. The variation profiles of the temporal deviation of airflow total temperature in the centerline of test section
图 14 试验段中心线处气流总温时间偏差标准差和最大绝对值
Figure 14. The standard deviation and maximum absolute value of the temporal deviation of airflow total temperature in the centerline of test section
图 15 试验段中心线处气流总温修正关系和不确定度
Figure 15. The correction relationship and uncertainty of the airflow total temperature in the centerline of test section
图 16 3 m×2 m结冰风洞主试验段热流场控制包线
Figure 16. The thermal flow field operating envelop of CARDC icing wind tunnel in the main test section
表 1 试验段尺寸参数和模拟气流速度范围
Table 1. The test section size parameters and simulation airspeed range
Test section Dimension Airspeed/
（m·s–1）Height/m Width/m Length/m Main 2.0 3.0 6.5 21～210 Secondary 3.2 4.8 9.0 8～78 High speed 1.5 2.0 4.5 26～256 
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Items Static air temperature Ts < –30 ℃ –30 ℃ < Ts < 5 ℃ Measurement instrumentation
maximum uncertainty±2.0 ℃ ±0.5 ℃ Spatial uniformity ±2.0 ℃ ±1.0 ℃ Temporal stability ±2.0 ℃ ±0.5 ℃
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表 3 气流总温试验工况
Table 3. Test conditions of airflow total temperature
Parameter Value Tt /℃ –30, –25, –20, –15, –10, –5, 0, 5 vTS /（m·s–1） 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140
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