Study on two-dimensional control technology of flow field in high-load compressor cascade test
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摘要: 平面叶栅风洞侧壁附面层引起流道收缩，破坏叶栅流场二维性，扩压叶栅逆压梯度会加剧收缩，且随负荷增加越发显著。针对某高负荷扩压叶栅，研究了影响叶栅吹风试验二维性的因素及不同轴向位置端壁抽吸的改善效果并探索了分布式抽吸。结果表明：常规试验叶栅端壁附面层发展会挤压主流，使其加速，扩压性下降，造成流场失真，总压损失偏差最小达23%。前部、中部抽吸可整体控制叶栅二维性，但展向二维区较窄；尾部抽吸出口展向二维区较宽，但仅局部改善近尾缘处二维性。前部抽吸在全攻角下控制良好，中部抽吸的负攻角特性较好，尾部抽吸流量则随攻角呈线性变化。分布式抽吸能整体控制二维性同时拓宽展向二维区，值得探索与应用。Abstract: The boundary-layer attached to the side wall of the linear cascade wind tunnel makes the flow passage contract, which destroys the two-dimensionality characteristic of the cascade flow field. The back pressure gradient of the compressor cascade intensifies the contraction, and the contraction becomes more significant with the increase of load. This paper conducts a numerical study on high-load compressor cascade, studies the factors affecting the two-dimensionality of the cascade blowing experiment and the effect of end wall suction at different axial positions, and explores distributed suction. The results show that the secondary flow at the end wall of the conventional cascade squeezes the main flow, accelerates it, reduces the pressure diffusion, and causes the flow field to be distorted. The total pressure loss deviation is as small as 23%. Front and middle suction can control the two-dimensionality of the cascade as a whole, but the spanwise two-dimensional zone is narrow; the tail suction outlet is wider in the spanwise two-dimensional zone, but it only partially improves the two-dimensionality near the tail edge. The front suction is well controlled at full incidence angle, the middle suction has better negative incidence angle characteristics, and the tail suction flow varies linearly with the angle of incidence. Distributed suction can control the two-dimensionality as a whole and broaden the two-dimensional area, and thus this technique is worth exploring and applying.
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图 3 叶栅计算域网格及抽吸槽局部放大网格
Figure 3. Computational grid of cascade and local enlargement of slot grid
表 1 平面叶栅几何参数
Table 1. Linear cascade geometric parameter
叶栅参数 设计值 弯角θ/(°) 54.12 扩散因子D 0.63 进口马赫数Ma1 0.4 稠度b/t 2.77 最大厚度位置/% 10.58 
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表 2 抽吸功耗对比
Table 2. Suction power consumption
抽吸位置 Front Middle Tail qmsi 4.2% 7.0% 16.0% cp 0.152 0.175 2.157
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