Research on the influence of the piezoelectric ceramics layout on de-icing effect
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摘要: 用仿真与实验的方式研究了压电陶瓷除冰技术在复合材料上的应用。通过有限元仿真研究了在能耗相等的前提下压电陶瓷布局（数目、间距）对除冰效果的影响，并进行了冷环境下除冰实验。仿真结果表明：按合理的布局方式，将尺寸较大的单块压电陶瓷分成尺寸较小的多块时，会有比大尺寸单块压电陶瓷更好的除冰效果；随着压电陶瓷间距的减小，除冰效果进一步增强。实验结果表明：增大压电陶瓷输入功率可以较大程度缩短除冰时间；将尺寸较大的单个压电陶瓷分成尺寸较小的4块后，相同能耗下除冰效果增强；减小压电陶瓷之间的的间距后，除冰时间进一步缩短。Abstract: The piezoelectric de-icing method is studied by simulation and experiment on a composite plate. The effect of piezoelectric ceramic layout (number, spacing) on the de-icing effect under the same energy consumption is studied by finite element simulation. The de-icing experiments are done under cold environment condition. The results show that when the piezoelectric ceramics with larger dimension are divided into smaller pieces according to a certain layout, the de-icing effect becomes better than that with large size single piezoelectric ceramic. As the spacing of the piezoelectric ceramics decreases, the deicing effect is further enhanced. The experimental results show that the de-icing time can be greatly shortened by increasing the input power of actuators. After dividing the large piezoelectric ceramics into four smaller ones, the de-icing effect is enhanced with the same energy consumption. The de-icing time is further shortened after the spacing of the piezoelectric ceramics is reduced.
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图 5 节点最大位移随单个压电陶瓷有效面积的变化曲线
Figure 5. The curve of the maximum displacements of nodes varying with the effective area of single piezoelectric ceramic
图 8 最大位移随压电陶瓷间距变化曲线
Figure 8. The curve between the maximum displacement and the spacing
图 9 5个波峰/波谷上的压电陶瓷布局及剪切应力（0.955 kHz）
Figure 9. Layout of piezoelectric ceramics on five peaks /valleys and shear stress (0.955 kHz)
图 10 高频（139.800 kHz）下的剪切应力图
Figure 10. The shear stress at high frequency (139.800 kHz)
图 12 长宽比4.3的平板上的压电陶瓷布局
Figure 12. The layout of actuators on the plate with aspect ratio of 4.3
图 14 平板Tsai-Wu失效准则破坏因子云图
Figure 14. Destory factors of Tsai-Wu failure criteria of two plates
表 1 复合材料的物理参数
Table 1. Physical parameters of composite materials
Density/（kg·m–3） Ex /Pa Ey /Pa Ez /Pa νxy νxz νyz Gxy /Pa Gxz /Pa Gyz /Pa 2000 5.00×1010 8.00×109 8.00×109 0.30 0.30 0.40 5.00×109 5.00×109 3.85×109 
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表 2 不同数目的压电陶瓷的尺寸表（厚度为2 mm）
Table 2. Dimensions of different numbers of piezoelectric ceramics （thickness is 2 mm）
Number of
piezoelectric ceramicsLength/
mmWidth/
mmEffective area of
single piezoelectric ceramic/mm2Total effective
area/mm21 30.0 30.0 900.0 900.0 2 25.0 18.0 450.0 900.0 3 20.0 15.0 300.0 900.0 4 15.0 15.0 225.0 900.0 5 15.0 12.0 180.0 900.0 6 15.0 10.0 150.0 900.0 8 15.0 7.5 112.5 900.0 9 10.0 10.0 100.0 900.0 10 10.0 9.0 90.0 900.0
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表 3 不同激振频率下的剪切应力
Table 3. Shear stresses in different vibration frequencies
Case Frequency/kHz Voltage/V Total shear stress/MPa Power /（kW·m–2） 1 0.932 200 0.160 0.010 2 140.000 200 0.890 2.000 3 139.966 200 1.720 1.990
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表 4 平板强度参数（MPa）[28]
Table 4. The strength parameters of the plate (MPa)[28]
XT XC YT YC ZT ZC Sxy Syz Sxz 1100 670 1100 670 35 120 80.0 80 46.1
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表 5 实验结果数据
Table 5. Experimental datas
Number Dimension of the
piezoelectric ceramics/mm3Space between the
piezoelectric ceramics/mmFrequency
/kHzVoltage
/VPower
/（kW·m–2）De-bonding Time/s 1 40×40×1 0 0.932 300 0.047 No 2 40×40×1 0 20.000 300 1.017 Yes 120 3 40×40×1 0 134.370 300 6.831 Yes 65 4 20×20×1 4 1.080 300 0.055 Yes 87 5 20×20×1 4 18.000 300 0.915 Yes 40 6 20×20×1 4 110.000 100 5.592 Yes 38 7 20×20×1 12 1.080 300 0.055 Yes 100 8 20×20×1 12 18.000 300 0.915 Yes 48 9 20×20×1 12 113.500 100 5.770 Yes 53
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