Measurement of CO concentration in flat flame based on mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy
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摘要: CO是碳氢化合物燃烧的主要产物之一，准确测量超燃冲压发动机出口的CO浓度是评估碳氢燃料燃烧效率的重要依据。中红外波段的CO谱线相较近红外而言，具有吸收更强、谱线丰富且谱线对相对孤立、不受其他气体干扰等明显优势。本文基于中红外吸收光谱技术，计算研究了CO中红外光谱特性，选择了适用于高温流场CO测量的特征谱线，设计并搭建了高温流场CO浓度检测系统，开展了气体池浓度标定和不同当量比下平面火焰CO测量验证，实现了某超燃冲压发动机出口高温流场CO测量，反映了航空煤油燃烧过程中CO浓度和温度的变化情况，为超燃冲压发动机的燃烧和流动机理研究提供了有力的研究手段和丰富的实验数据。Abstract: CO is one of the main products of hydrocarbon combustion. Accurate measurement of CO concentration at the scramjet outlet is an important basis for evaluating the combustion efficiency of the hydrocarbon fuel. Compared with the near infrared band, the CO absorption spectrum in the mid infrared band has the advantages of stronger absorption, rich spectral lines, relatively isolated spectral lines and no interference from other gases. Based on the mid infrared absorption spectrum technology, this paper studies the mid infrared spectrum characteristics of CO, selects the characteristic spectrum which is suitable for the measurement of CO in the high temperature flow field, designs and builds the CO concentration detection system in the high temperature flow field, carries out the CO measurement verification under different equivalence ratios of the plane flame, realizes the CO measurement of the high temperature flow field at the exit of a scramjet, and reflects the changes of concentration and temperature of CO during the combustion of aviation kerosene, thus providing powerful research means and abundant experimental data for the study of combustion and flow mechanism of the scramjet.
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Key words:
- mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy /
- TDLAS /
- CO /
- flat flame /
- scramjet
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图 1 实验系统设计示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of wavelength modulation experimental device
图 2 CO、CO2和H2O 2000~2250 cm-1内吸收谱线强度
Figure 2. The absorption line -strength of CO、CO2 and H2O at the range of 2000~2250 cm-1
图 3 温度在1300 K时2050~2100 cm-1波段内CO的吸收谱线
Figure 3. The absorption spectrum of CO in 2050~2100 cm-1 band at 1300 K
图 4 候选谱线对3和4在800~1300 K下的温度敏感性
Figure 4. The temperature sensitivity of candidate lines for pair3 and pair4 at the temperature range of 800~1300 K
图 5 测量浓度与标准气体浓度的比较
Figure 5. Comparison of measured concentration and standard gas concentration
图 6 采集信号的吸收光度拟合及残差
Figure 6. Absorption spectrophotometric fitting and residual of acquisition signal
图 7 平面火焰稳定工况下的CO浓度测量结果
Figure 7. CO concentration measurement under flame stabilization conditions
图 8 平面火焰炉不同位置的CO温度测量结果
Figure 8. CO temperature measurement at different locations of the flat flame furnace
图 11 降噪处理后发动机加热过程和煤油点火过程的信号
Figure 11. Signals of engine heating process and kerosene ignition process
图 14 发动机燃烧室压力和发动机出口CO温度随时间变化
Figure 14. Change of engine combustion chamber pressure and engine outlet CO temperature with time
图 15 发动机燃烧室压力和发动机出口CO浓度随时间变化
Figure 15. Change of engine combustion chamber pressure and engine outlet CO concentration with time
表 1 候选谱线参数
Table 1. The parameters of candidate lines
Spectral
pairCenter
frequency
/cm-1Line strength
/(10-20 cm-1·
(mol·cm-2)-1)Low state-
energy
/cm-1Temperature
/Kpair3 2059.9147
2060.332213.40
2.75806.38280
2543.056701300 pair4 2064.3969
2064.583913.90
2.71729.67740
2489.783101300 pair3 2059.9147
2060.332210.10
3.51806.38280
2543.056701800 pair4 2064.3969
2064.583910.20
3.41729.67740
2489.783101800 
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表 2 不同工况下CO温度测量结果
Table 2. CO temperature measurement results under different working conditions
Order Air
/(L·min-1)CH4
/(L·min-1)ϕ Tm
/KTc
/KRelative
error1 18.9 2.39 1.2 1290.2 1237 4.3% 2 18.8 2.55 1.3 1276.7 1252 1.9% 3 18.5 2.72 1.4 1272.3 1248 1.9%
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