Evaluation of simplified automobile wind noise model based on main propagation path of sound and vibration
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摘要: 以某款实车为研究对象建立了统计能量分析（Statistical Energy Analysis，SEA）模型，通过传播特性分析对其主要传播路径进行分类，并进行简化模型近似性分析。通过对SEA模型中主要和次要子系统选取，建立了2种简化模型，对其车内噪声和传播路径的计算表明：模型子系统特性改变，能量的传播路径和大小特性随之变化、甚至子系统对外界流体脉动和声场的接受能力也发生变化，导致得到的车内噪声计算结果发生改变。简化模型的使用还需进一步研究。Abstract: A Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) model was established for a real vehicle. The main propagation paths were classified by the analysis of propagation characteristics, and the simplified model approximation analysis was performed. By choosing the main and secondary systems in the SEA model, two simplified models are established, and the calculation of their interior noise and propagation path shows that the characteristics of the model subsystem change, the energy propagation path and size characteristics change, and even the subsystem's ability to accept the external fluid pulsation and sound field changes, resulting in the change of the calculated interior noise. The use of the simplified model requires further study.
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图 5 前排声腔刚体化前后声压级频谱图
Figure 5. Sound pressure level spectrums before and after rigidization of front row cavity
图 6 后排声腔刚体化前后声压级频谱图
Figure 6. Sound pressure level spectrums before and after rigidization of rear row cavity
图 7 简化后模型1前排主要传播路径
Figure 7. Main propagation paths of front-row for simplified model 1
图 8 简化后模型1后排主要传播路径
Figure 8. Main propagation paths of rear-row for simplified model 1
图 9 简化后模型2前排主要传播路径
Figure 9. Main propagation path of front-row for simplified model 2
图 10 简化后模型2后排主要传播路径
Figure 10. Main propagation paths of rear-row for simplified model 2
图 11 3种模型下的前侧窗能量输入频谱
Figure 11. Energy input spectrum of front side window for three models
图 12 3种模型下的后侧窗能量输入频谱
Figure 12. Energy input spectrum of rear side window for three models
图 13 3种模型下的前风挡能量输入频谱
Figure 13. Energy input spectrum of front windshield for three models
表 1 等效前后排综合声压级对比
Table 1. Equivalent front and rear integrated sound pressure level comparison
Prototype-f Prototype-r Rigid1-f Rigid1-r Rigid2-f Rigid2-r SPL/dB(A) 63.32 59.69 70.07 65.13 67.41 67.41 
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