直升机漂浮特性试验技术研究

江婷; 焦俊; 唐彬彬; 王冠; 孙钢

doi:10.11729/syltlx20190078

直升机漂浮特性试验技术研究

doi: 10.11729/syltlx20190078

中国特种飞行器研究所, 湖北荆门 448035

详细信息

作者简介:
江婷(1986-), 女, 湖北孝感人, 硕士, 高级工程师。研究方向:高速水动力研究、水上迫降试验技术研究。通信地址:中国特种飞行器研究所水动力研究中心。E-mail:hshl_jiangt@163.com

通讯作者:
江婷, E-mail:hshl_jiangt@163.com

中图分类号: V219
计量
- 文章访问数: 200
- HTML全文浏览量: 124
- PDF下载量: 5
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-06-11
- 修回日期: 2019-09-24
- 刊出日期: 2020-08-25

Research on test technology of helicopter floating characteristics

Aviation Industry Corporation of China Special Vehicle Research Institute, Jingmen Hubei 448035, China

摘要

摘要: 为了保证直升机在水上迫降后可提供足够的漂浮时间供人员撤离，在其设计和研发阶段就应对漂浮特性进行深入广泛的研究。以某直升机背景机型为研究对象，开展了基于应急浮囊的直升机漂浮特性试验技术研究，重点考察了浮囊刚度、试验约束条件和浪向对直升机漂浮特性的影响。结果表明：规则波条件下的直升机运动响应呈现出典型的周期性变化，当浮囊采用柔性材料时，能一定程度削弱直升机的波浪响应，有利于直升机维持在波浪水面上的稳定漂浮；当模型在水面自由漂浮时，柔性浮囊相对刚性材料也能更好地辅助直升机避开极易导致倾覆、翻转的最不利浪向——横向波浪；相对带约束条件的模型试验，自由漂浮状态的试验结果更接近实际的直升机状态。在开展模型试验时，应综合上述特点制定合理可行的研究方案。
- 直升机 /
- 应急浮囊 /
- 漂浮性能 /
- 打横 /
- 操纵能力
Abstract: In order to ensure that the helicopter can provide sufficient floating time for people to evacuate after ditching on the water, the floating characteristics should be thoroughly and extensively studied in the design and development stage. In this paper, a helicopter model is taken as the research object, and the model test method is studied for the helicopter with emergency floatation bags. In this research, the stiffness of the emergency floatation bags, the experimental conditions and the wave direction are the key variables. The results show that the helicopter motion response under regular wave conditions shows a typical cyclical change feature. When the emergency floatation bags is made of flexible material, the structure can weaken the wave response of the helicopter to a certain extent, which is beneficial to the helicopter to maintain the stable floating on the wave surface. When the model floats freely on the water surface, the flexible material can also better assist the helicopter to avoid the most unfavorable wave direction- the horizontal wave that is easy to cause helicopter's overturning and turning over. The model test with no constraints called free floating state is more comprehensive and close to the actual situation. In the model test, the above characteristics should be noted to carry out the relevant test design.
- helicopter /
- emergency floatation bags /
- floating performance /
- sidelong /
- maneuvering ability

HTML全文

图 1 加装应急漂浮系统的直升机

Figure 1. The helicopter with emergency floatation bags

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 直升机漂浮试验方案

Figure 2. Helicopter floating test scheme

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 某工况对应的浪向随时间变化曲线

Figure 3. Variation of wave direction with time

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 浪向类别划分^[12]

Figure 4. Wave direction classification^[12]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 直升机在波浪中的时域运动曲线

Figure 5. Time domain motion curve of helicopter in waves

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同浮囊刚度的测量参数对比曲线

Figure 6. Comparison curves with different stiffness

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同约束度的测量参数对比曲线

Figure 7. Comparison curves with different constraint parameters

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同浪向的测量参数对比曲线

Figure 8. Comparison curves with different wave directions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 比例关系(λ表示模型的缩放比例)

Table 1. The proportional relationship (λ is the scale of the model)

名称	模型值	模型缩放比例	实机尺寸
长度	L	λ	λL
力	F	λ³	λ³F
惯性矩	I	λ⁵	λ⁵I
质量	m	λ³	λ³m
时间	t
速度	V
线加速度	a	1	a
角速度	w

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(12)

[1]	中国民用航空总局.运输类旋翼航空器适航规定: CCAR-29-R1[S].北京: 中国民用航空总局, 2002.
[2]	KIDWELL J C, CRAGO W A. Model testing to establish ditching and flotation stability characteristics of helicopters[C]//Proc of the 26th American Helicopter Society Forum. 1970.
[3]	HOGBEN N, LUMB F E. Ocean wave statistics[M]. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office for National Physical Laboratory, 1967.
[4]	WILLISON F T, TUCKER R C S. Ditching and flotation characteristics of the EH101 helicopter[C]//Proc of the 13rd European Rotorcraft Forum. 1987.
[5]	VRIONIDES P, MCCOUBREY G. Development of a light weight emergency flotation system for the SH-2G super seasprite[C]//Proc of the 55th American Helicopter Society Forum. 1999.
[6]	汪正中, 陈立霞, 索谦, 等.直升机着水载荷试验研究[J].南京航空航天大学学报, 2017, 49(2):258-263. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=njhkht201702017 WANG Z Z, CHEN L X, SUO Q, et al. Test research on helicopter ditching load[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2017, 49(2):258-263. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=njhkht201702017
[7]	江婷, 吴彬, 王明振, 等.直升机横向漂浮特性分析研究[J].科学技术与工程, 2015, 15(28):200-204. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=kxjsygc201528038 JIANG T, WU B, WANG M Z, et al. Study on transverse floating characteristics of helicopter[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2015, 15(28):200-204. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=kxjsygc201528038
[8]	段国贺, 鲁江.直升机横向漂浮稳定性时域分析方法与验证[J].直升机技术, 2016(1):11-17. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zsjjs201601003 DUAN G H, LU J. Analyzing method and validating in time domain on transverse stability of the helicopterin irregular[J]. Helicopter Technology, 2016(1):11-17. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zsjjs201601003
[9]	黄鑫锋.应急气囊对直升机漂浮稳定性的影响[D].南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2012. HUANG X F. Stability analysis of the helicopter with flotationbags[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012.
[10]	黄淼, 吴彬, 蒋荣, 等.水上飞机在波浪上运动响应特性试验研究[J].实验流体力学, 2015, 29(3):41-46. http://www.syltlx.com/CN/abstract/abstract10842.shtml HUANG M, WU B, JIANG R, et al. Experimental study on motion response of a seaplane onwaves[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2015, 29(3):41-46. http://www.syltlx.com/CN/abstract/abstract10842.shtml
[11]	ETVDO M D, ETRV P A, COUANT A, et al. Study on helicopter ditching and crashworthiness: EASA-2007-C16[S]. Cologne, Germany: European Aviation Safety Agency, 2007.
[12]	盛振邦, 刘应中.船舶原理-上册[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社, 2003. SHENG Z B, LIU Y Z. Principle ofship[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press, 2003.