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飞秒激光光谱技术在燃烧领域的应用

张大源 李博 高强 李中山

张大源, 李博, 高强, 等. 飞秒激光光谱技术在燃烧领域的应用[J]. 实验流体力学, 2018, 32(1): 1-10. doi: 10.11729/syltlx20170141
引用本文: 张大源, 李博, 高强, 等. 飞秒激光光谱技术在燃烧领域的应用[J]. 实验流体力学, 2018, 32(1): 1-10. doi: 10.11729/syltlx20170141
Zhang Dayuan, Li Bo, Gao Qiang, et al. Application of femtosecond-laser spectrum technology in combustion field[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2018, 32(1): 1-10. doi: 10.11729/syltlx20170141
Citation: Zhang Dayuan, Li Bo, Gao Qiang, et al. Application of femtosecond-laser spectrum technology in combustion field[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2018, 32(1): 1-10. doi: 10.11729/syltlx20170141

飞秒激光光谱技术在燃烧领域的应用

doi: 10.11729/syltlx20170141
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 91541119

国家自然科学基金项目 91541203

详细信息
    作者简介:

    张大源(1992-), 男, 河北唐山人, 博士研究生。研究方向:燃烧激光诊断技术。通信地址:天津市天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室(300072)。E-mail:2015201040@tju.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    李博, E-mail:boli@tju.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TN249

Application of femtosecond-laser spectrum technology in combustion field

  • 摘要: 基于飞秒激光的燃烧诊断技术,可实现燃烧场温度、速度、组分浓度等参数的在线测量。作为一种有效的诊断工具,飞秒激光诊断技术在燃烧领域中有着广泛的应用前景,将在提高燃烧效率和降低燃烧排放等方面发挥越来越重要的作用。本文通过综述飞秒多光子激光诱导荧光技术、飞秒激光成丝诱导非线性光谱技术以及飞秒激光电子激发示踪测速技术等飞秒激光在燃烧领域的具体应用实例,概括介绍了飞秒激光燃烧诊断技术的发展。在此基础上,对飞秒激光燃烧诊断技术在未来的发展潜力进行了分析与讨论,为相关研究人员提供参考。
  • 图  1  氢原子能级图

    Figure  1.  H energy-level diagram

    图  2  甲烷/空气预混火焰中氢原子二维成像

    Figure  2.  2D-fluorescence imaging of H atoms in the flame

    图  3  甲烷/空气预混燃烧火焰中CO光谱图

    Figure  3.  Spectra of CO fs-TPLIF

    图  4  乙醇/空气火焰中飞秒激光成丝诱导非线性光谱、纳秒激光诱导击穿光谱和火焰自发辐射光谱对比

    Figure  4.  Comparison of emission spectra obtained by femtosecond filament excitation, nanosecond laser-breakdown excitation, as well as without any laser excitation

    图  5  飞秒激光在酒精灯阵列火焰中成丝照片

    Figure  5.  Photo of the flame on the burner array together with the laser filament

    图  6  速度测量技术分类

    Figure  6.  Classification of velocimetry in flowfield

    图  7  氮气能级图

    Figure  7.  N2 energy-level diagram

    图  8  甲烷/空气燃烧场中FLEET测速成像图片

    Figure  8.  FLEET lines written at two locations in a methane/air flame

    表  1  飞秒多光子激光诱导荧光在燃烧领域中的应用

    Table  1.   Application of femtosecond multi-photon laser-induced fluorescence technology in combustion field

    所测中间产物 激发激光 检测荧光 燃烧场 参考文献
    波长/nm 能级跃迁 波长/nm 能级跃迁 燃烧器 火焰
    OH 620*2 A-X ~310 A-X Hencken燃烧器 C2H4/air [46]
    H 205*2 n=1→n=3 656 n=3→n=2 Bunsen燃烧器 CH4/O2/N2 [47-50]
    243*2+486 n=1→n=4 656 n=3→n=2 改进的McKenna燃烧器 CH4/air [51]
    O 226*2 2p3P→3p3P 845 3p3P→3s3S Bunsen燃烧器 CH4/O2/N2 [52-53]
    CO 230.1*2 B1Σ+X1Σ+ 362 ~516 Hencken燃烧器 CH4/air [54-55]
    Kr 212.6*2 4s24p6→4s24p55p/4s24p55p 759 自然射流喷嘴 冷态混合气 [56]
    204.1*2 4p6(1s0)→5p′[3/2]2 826 5p′[3/2]2→5s′[3/2]2 自然射流喷嘴 冷态混合气 [57]
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  分子示踪测速技术分类及特点

    Table  2.   Classification and characteristics of molecular tagging velocimetry

    技术分类 示踪粒子/分子 特点
    MTV 散布示踪分子 酯类 亚硝酸特丁酯[74] 可根据不同流场环境选择不同示踪分子,成像图片信噪比高、空间分辨率好;但散布示踪分子增加了系统的成本,且需要考虑散布分子的毒性、腐蚀性、是否会对燃烧场产生干扰等问题。
    酮类 丁二酮(磷光)[75-78]、丙酮(荧光)[79-80]
    金属 [81]、锶[82]
    氮氧化物 NO2[83-87]、NO[88-89]
    非散布示踪分子 RELIEF O2[90-93] 技术提出于20世纪80年代,并成功应用于纯氧流场中的速度测量,但在空气中的信噪比差,应用具有很大的局限性。
    APART NO[94-96] 应用于空气流场中不需要引入任何其他分子,但这种测速技术在应用于燃烧场时,可能会对燃烧反应造成干扰。
    OTV O3[97-98] 可应用于空气流场中的速度测量,但流场的温度严重影响示踪分子O3的浓度,进而影响测速的准确性,因此很难实现燃烧场中的速度测量。
    HTV OH[99-104] 已成功应用于氢气/空气燃烧场中,但示踪分子OH的浓度会受流场中O原子浓度的影响,在燃烧场中应用受限。
    下载: 导出CSV

    附录A  文章涉及技术名称中英文对照

    附录A.   The technical name in both Chinese and English

    全称(英文) 全称(中文) 简称
    Femtosecond Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing 飞秒四波混频技术 fs-DFWM
    Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy 飞秒相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射技术 fs-CARS
    Femtosecond Multiphoton Laser-Induced Fluorescence 飞秒多光子激光诱导荧光技术 fs-MPLIF
    Filament-Induced Nonlinear Spectroscopy 飞秒激光成丝诱导非线性光谱技术 FINS
    Femtosecond Laser Electronic Excitation Tagging 飞秒激光电子激发示踪测速技术 FLEET
    Laser-Induced Fluorescence 激光诱导荧光技术 LIF
    Two-Photon Laser-Induced Fluorescence 双光子激光诱导荧光技术 TPLIF
    Nanosecond Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 纳秒激光诱导击穿 ns-LIBS
    Molecular Tagging Velocimetry 分子示踪测速技术 MTV
    Electron Beam Fluorescence 电子束荧光技术 EBF
    Laser-Doppler Velocimetry 激光多普勒测速技术 LDV
    Phase Doppler Anemometer 相位多普勒测速技术 PDA
    Particle Image Velocimetry 粒子成像测速技术 PIV
    Raman Excitation Plus Laser-Induced Electronic Fluorescence 拉曼激发激光诱导电子荧光测速技术 RELIEF
    Air Photolysis And Recombination Tracking 空气光解及重组示踪测速技术 APART
    Ozone Tagging Velocimetry 臭氧标记测速技术 OTV
    Hydroxyl Tagging Velocimetry 羟基标记测速技术 HTV
    Selective Two-Photon Absorptive Resonance Femtosecond-Laser Electronic-Excitation Tagging 双光子共振吸收飞秒激光电子激发示踪测速技术 STARFLEET
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2017-10-30
  • 修回日期:  2017-11-16
  • 刊出日期:  2018-02-25

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