Propeller slipstream effect on longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics of airplane
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摘要: 采用螺旋桨飞机动力模拟风洞试验技术及粒子图像测速技术，研究双发常规布局涡桨飞机的螺旋桨滑流对飞机纵向气动特性的影响规律。通过测力风洞试验研究螺旋桨不同位置处滑流对飞机的升阻特性、力矩特性及平尾下洗等纵向气动特性的影响，利用PIV技术研究测力试验优选桨盘位置的飞机部件典型剖面受滑流影响时的流场变化情况。研究结果表明，螺旋桨下沉后滑流对飞机升阻特性的不利影响最明显，螺旋桨前伸和安装角由正变负时滑流对飞机的升阻特性均有改善，而螺旋桨前伸在飞机失速迎角附近对升力特性的改善更为明显。Abstract: Using the dynamic simulation and PIV test technology for propeller aircraft, research on the propeller slipstream effect on the longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics of the conventional layout twin-engined turboprop aircraft is conducted. Wind tunnel test is used to study the slipstream effect on longitudinal characteristics as the propeller position changes, such as the aircraft lift and drag characteristics, moment characteristics and horizontal tail downwash. PIV test is used to setting out typical section of aircraft components, mainly focus on the position conformed by slipstream wind tunnel test. Slipstream has bad effect especially on lift and drag characteristics when the propeller position sinkage. Both extending the propeller position forward and changing the propeller installation angle can improve the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft, while the aircraft lift characteristic is improved obviously especially around the stall angle when the propeller position extends forward.
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Key words:
- propeller slipstream effect /
- propeller position /
- wind tunnel test /
- PIV test
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图 2 短舱位置变化对全机纵向气动特性的影响
Figure 2. Effect of nacelle position on longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics
图 3 螺旋桨位置变化后滑流对全机纵向气动特性的影响
Figure 3. Slipstream effect on longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics with varying propeller positions
图 4 螺旋桨基准位置短舱中心线剖面和桨尖机翼剖面有无滑流的PIV试验结果
Figure 4. Nacelle central profile with propeller at the original position and propeller tip profile with slipstream influence of PIV test results
图 5 螺旋桨基准位置无动力、带动力迎角0°和4°的PIV试验结果
Figure 5. Transverse profile of PIV test with propeller at the original position, at angle 0° and 4°, and with both power off and power on
图 6 螺旋桨前伸及安装角-1°时短舱中心线剖面PIV试验结果
Figure 6. Nacelle central profile of PIV test with forward propeller and install angle of -1°
图 7 螺旋桨前伸及安装角-1°时桨尖-机翼剖面PIV试验结果
Figure 7. Propeller tip profile of PIV test with forward propeller and install angle of -1°
图 8 螺旋桨安装角-1°PIV试验横向剖面图像
Figure 8. Transverse profile of PIV test with propeller install angle of -1°
表 1 螺旋桨位置变化参数说明
Table 1. Propeller position parameters
序号 变化方向 螺旋桨位置变化范围 1 下沉 0mm，4.17mm，8.33mm 2 前伸 0mm，8.33mm，16.67mm 3 安装角 +1°，0°，-1° 
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表 2 螺旋桨不同位置处对平尾下洗角和下洗率的影响
Table 2. Influence of propeller position on horizontal tail downwash angle and slope
序号 桨盘位置 下洗角 下洗率 1 无桨 3.044 0.213 2 基准位置 3.104 0.228 3 前伸最大 3.045 0.193 4 下沉最大 3.219 0.209 5 安装角-1° 3.651 0.227
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