高精度六分量微量滚转力矩气浮天平研制

张璜炜; 向光伟; 吕彬彬; 汪多炜; 余立

doi:10.11729/syltlx20210182

高精度六分量微量滚转力矩气浮天平研制

doi: 10.11729/syltlx20210182

中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所，绵阳　621000

详细信息

作者简介:
张璜炜：（1992—），男，福建云霄人，工程师。研究方向：风洞天平设计与应用。通信地址：四川省北川羌族自治县永安镇101信箱。E-mail：zhw34270@126.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：xiangguangwei@cardc.cn

中图分类号: V211.752
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-12
- 修回日期: 2021-11-24
- 录用日期: 2022-01-04
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-07

Development of high-precision micro-rolling moment gas bearing balance

High Speed Aerodynamics Institute of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang　621000, China

摘要

摘要: 小型化再入飞行体表面在再入过程中发生烧蚀，造成外形的小不对称，从而产生一个微量滚转力矩。为了在高超风洞中获得小型化再入飞行体烧蚀模型高精度小不对称滚转力矩测量数据，同时获得其他五分量气动力数据，研制了一套六分量装配式微量滚转力矩气浮天平。天平滚转力矩设计载荷为0.02 N·m，轴向力设计载荷为200 N，量级差异悬殊。针对此问题，提出了“4+2”天平总体测力方案，即四分量主天平元件配合二分量滚转力矩–轴向力元件完成极不匹配的六分量气动力测量。静态校准及风洞试验结果表明：天平具有良好的分辨率，抗干扰能力强，受温度影响小，滚转力矩系数测量结果达到10^–7量级。所研制的气浮天平受温度影响小，可重复使用，能够同时测量包括微量滚转力矩在内的6个气动力分量，大幅提升了试验效率，降低了因模型拆装引起的误差。
- 高超声速 /
- 应变天平 /
- 气浮天平 /
- 微量滚转力矩 /
- 测力
Abstract: During the reentry process of the miniaturized reentry vehicle, small asymmetry of its shape can be produced due to surface ablation, resulting in a small rolling moment. In order to obtain the high-precision micro-rolling moment measurement data of the ablation model of the miniaturized reentry vehicle in the hypersonic wind tunnel, and obtain the other five component aerodynamic data, a six component micro-rolling moment gas bearing balance was developed. The rolling moment design load of the balance is 0.02 N·m, and the axial force design load is 200 N, which are orders different from each other. The overall force measurement scheme of “4+2” balance is proposed, where the four component main balance elements cooperate with the two-component M_x-X elements to complete the extremely mismatched six component aerodynamic measurement. The results of the static calibration and the wind tunnel test show that the balance has good resolution and strong anti-interference ability, and is little affected by temperature. The measurement results of the rolling moment coefficient reach the order of 10^–7. The developed gas bearing balance is little affected by the temperature and can be reused. It can measure the six components of aerodynamic data including the micro-rolling moment at the same time, which greatly improves the test efficiency and reduces the error caused by model disassembly.
- hypersonic /
- strain gauge balance /
- gas bearing balance /
- micro-rolling moment /
- force measurement

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图 1 气浮天平方案示意图

Figure 1. Scheme diagram of gas bearing balance

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图 2 气浮天平结构图

Figure 2. Structure chart of gas bearing balance

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图 3 主天平元件结构图

Figure 3. Structure chart of main balance

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图 4 滚转力矩–轴向力元件结构图

Figure 4. Structure chart of M_x-X balance

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图 5 综合载荷下天平装配体应力云图

Figure 5. Stress nephogram of balance assembly under comprehensive load

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表 1 气浮天平设计载荷

Table 1. Design load of gas bearing balance

分量	Y	M_z	X	M_x	Z	M_y
设计载荷（N，N·m）	50	1	200	0.02	50	1

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表 2 各分量输出计算

Table 2. Output calculation of each component

	Y	M_z	X	M_x	Z	M_y
贴片处应变/（×10^–6）	182	135	157	148	182	135
电桥类型	双	双	单	单	双	双
电压/V	10	10	10	10	10	10
应变计灵敏度系数	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1
理论输出/mV	7.6	5.7	3.3	3.1	7.6	5.7

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表 3 应力分析结果

Table 3. Stress analysis results

分量	Y	M_z	X	M_x
应力/MPa	80.4	52.0	105.4	46.1

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表 4 天平校准结果

Table 4. Balance calibration results

	Y	M_z	X	M_x	Z	M_y
综合加载误差/%FS	0.03	0.05	0.21	0.38	0.11	0.04
综合重复性/%FS	0.03	0.04	—	0.16	0.06	0.03

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表 5 部分模型测试结果

Table 5. Some model test results

序号	模型	滚转角/（°）	马赫数	C_l₀
1	0#标模	0	8	–8.0220×10^–5
2	0#标模	0	5	–1.2320×10^–4
3	1#标模	0	8	–2.5550×10^–6
4	1#标模	0	5	–5.9800×10^–5
5	2#标模	0	8	–3.4320×10^–5
6	2#标模	0	8	–3.4190×10^–5
7	2#标模	0	5	–1.2320×10^–4
8	1#	0	8	–9.5680×10^–7
9	1#	0	5	4.2640×10^–6
10	2#	0	8	6.7800×10^–6
11	2#	0	5	4.7250×10^–5
12	3#	0	8	–9.9020×10^–7
13	4#	0	8	–1.7320×10^–7
14	5#	60	5	1.6820×10^–5
15	5#	120	5	2.7080×10^–5
16	5#	180	5	2.9140×10^–5
17	5#	0	5	2.3490×10^–5
18	5#	0	5	2.3040×10^–5
19	5#	0	5	2.3620×10^–5
20	5#	0	5	2.2960×10^–5

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