电弧风洞喷管壁温对平板试验的影响研究

隆永胜; 袁竭; 赵顺洪; 杨斌; 朱新新

doi:10.11729/syltlx20210055

电弧风洞喷管壁温对平板试验的影响研究

doi: 10.11729/syltlx20210055

中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所，绵阳　621000

详细信息

作者简介:
隆永胜：（1972—），男，重庆丰都人，研究员。研究方向：电弧加热器研制，高超声速气动热试验技术。通信地址：四川省绵阳市涪城区二环路南段6号（621000）。E-mail：lyscardc@163.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：yuanjie2005@163.com

中图分类号: V211.74⁺⁴
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- 文章访问数: 222
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-31
- 修回日期: 2021-10-30
- 录用日期: 2021-11-22
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-30

Influence of nozzle wall temperature on plate test in arc-heated wind tunnel

Hypervelocity Aerodynamics Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang　621000, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究电弧风洞喷管壁面温度对平板试验的影响，研制了隔热半椭圆喷管，采用电弧风洞半椭圆喷管平板试验的方法，将喷管长轴边与平板试验模型连接，使气流延伸到模型表面进行试验。喷管扩张段水冷壁面在试验初始时期（冷壁）和壁温上升（热壁）条件下，试验研究了平板测试模型表面冷壁热流和平衡温度的变化。结果表明：在喷管来流焓值1.00～2.55 MJ/kg范围内，相对于冷壁，热壁模型表面冷壁热流增加4.7%～15.0%，平衡温度最大升高4.24%。因此，热防护试验时应考虑喷管壁面温度对平板试验结果带来的影响，需要提高来流焓值。
- 电弧风洞 /
- 热流 /
- 焓值 /
- 边界层
Abstract: In order to study the influence of the nozzle’s wall temperature on the plate test in the arc-heated wind tunnel, a thermal insulation semi-elliptical nozzle was designed. A plate test was adopted in the arc-heated wind tunnel with the semi-elliptical nozzle. The bottom of the nozzle wall was connected with the plate model. The flow extended to the surface of the model during the test. The surface heat flux and equilibrium temperature of the model under the conditions of the hot nozzle wall and the cold nozzle wall were measured and analyzed, respectively. The results show that the enthalpy of the nozzle ranged from 1.00 MJ/kg to 2.55 MJ/kg. Compared with the condition of the cold nozzle wall, the surface heat flux of the hot nozzle wall increased by 4.7% to 15.0%, and the equilibrium temperature increased by up to 4.24%. In the thermal protection test, the influence of the nozzle wall temperature on the results of the plate test should be considered, and it is necessary to increase the enthalpy of the flow.
- arc-heated wind tunnel /
- heat flux /
- enthalpy /
- boundary layer

HTML全文

图 1 平板试验技术

Figure 1. Plate test technology

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图 2 隔热半椭圆喷管

Figure 2. Thermal insulation semi-elliptical nozzle

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图 3 风洞测试装置布局

Figure 3. Test equipment layout in wind tunnel

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图 4 气流温度测试探针测点分布

Figure 4. Distribution of gas temperature probes

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图 5 水冷戈登计及冷壁热流测点

Figure 5. Gardon gaging points distribution and heat flux

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图 6 隔热平板测温模型

Figure 6. Thermal insulation plate model for temperature measurement

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图 7 总温探针测试曲线

Figure 7. Curves of total temperature

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图 8 喷管背面测点温升曲线

Figure 8. Nozzle back wall temperature-time curve

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图 9 不同状态下模型冷壁热流变化

Figure 9. Variation of heat flux under different conditions

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图 10 近壁面气流总温变化

Figure 10. Variation of total air temperature near wall

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图 11 计算网格

Figure 11. Simulation grid

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图 12 喷管壁面温度对模型热流及近壁气流总温影响

Figure 12. Influence of nozzle wall temperature on heat flux and total air temperature near nozzle wall

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图 13 数值模拟恢复温度

Figure 13. Recovery temperature calculated by numerical simulation

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表 1 电弧风洞试验状态参数

Table 1. Average values of test parameters in arc-heated wind tunnel

状态	总压/MPa	总焓/（MJ·kg⁻¹）	驻点压力/kPa	驻点热流/（MW·m⁻²）	气体流量/（kg·s⁻¹）	总功率/MW
1	2.57	1.04	360.76	1.32	6.79	14.53
2	1.98	2.12	277.40	2.86	3.43	15.84
3	1.66	2.55	236.70	3.75	2.45	15.43

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表 2 不同总焓及防热板温度下的表面冷壁热流

Table 2. Heat flux on cold wall with different total enthalpies and plate temperatures

状态	时间/s	特征点背温T₆/K	测点1热流/（kW·m⁻²）	测点2热流/（kW·m⁻²）	测点3热流/（kW·m⁻²）
	10	309.0	182.0	197.0	180.0
1	300	443.0	204.0	224.0	207.0
	增量/%	43.4	12.1	13.7	15.0

	10	293.0	390.0	370.0	380.0
2	300	1096.0	420.0	420.0	430.0
	增量/%	274.1	7.7	13.5	10.5

	10	303.0	405.0	418.0	414.0
3	100	1046.0	424.0	456.0	447.0
	增量/%	245.2	4.7	9.1	8.0

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表 3 近壁面气流总温变化

Table 3. Variation of total air temperature near wall

状态		测点高度/mm
状态		0	5	10	15
1	冷壁温度/K	641	757	873	978
	140 s温度/K	714	789	929	985
	增量/%	11.4	4.2	6.4	0.7

2	冷壁温度/K	901	1022	1272	1408
	140 s温度/K	1058	1214	1359	1459
	增量/%	17.4	18.8	6.8	3.6

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表 4 隔热平板测温模型平均温度对比

Table 4. Comparison of average temperature on stainless-steel plate

状态	T₁/K	T₂/K	T_b1/K	T_b2/K	表面温差率/%	背面温差率/%
1	735	723	648	643	0.67	0.78
2	1127	1084	1034	1004	3.89	2.94
3	1249	1201	1109	1063	3.92	4.23

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表 5 焓值降低量

Table 5. Decrease of enthalpy

状态	总焓/（MJ·kg⁻¹）	计算恢复焓/（MJ·kg⁻¹）	隔热模型恢复焓/（MJ·kg⁻¹）	近壁气流恢复焓/（MJ·kg⁻¹）	隔热模型焓降/%	近壁气流焓降/%
1	1.04	0.763	0.726	0.76	4.85	0.39
2	2.12	1.216	1.164	1.16	4.28	4.61
3	2.55	1.373	1.306	1.32	4.88	3.86

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参考文献(14)

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